Table 1.

Key terms.

Term	Definition	Example of Mediating or Moderating Role for Implementation
Values	Qualities deemed important, ideals or standards we hold that govern the decisions we make.	Values of individuals affect the level of buy-in for new interventions (mediator)
		Multi-step, design centered processes can help to identify, define, and iterate on a shared set of values for implementation decision-making.
Principles	Decisions we make based on our values; what it looks like when our values are “in action.”	Principles will determine the actions taken by implementation stakeholders (mediator)
		Principles – values in action – can be assessed during implementation through the following three questions:
		1. How have principles driven decision-making?
		2. How have principles aligned with actions taken?
		3. How have principles informed resource allocation?
Mental Models	A person's mental representation of the way some aspect of the world works, influenced by beliefs and assumptions about the world.	Mental models affect whether implementation stakeholders are motivated to support change efforts (mediator) Researchers can use a systems model can be used to diagnose implementation challenges and determine if challenges are related to mental models:
		1. What are you observing in this challenge?
		2. What may be clouding your vision? What may be clouding the vision of partners?
		3. What may be motivating partners? What is motivating you?
Trusting Relationships	Trusting relationships are centered in vulnerability where the beliefs or expectation of individuals in the relationship are that actions will cause no harm and will provide benefit.	High-quality relationships magnify the impact of implementation strategies on implementation outcomes (moderator)
		Researchers can use measures of psychological safety, trust, and team cohesion to understand the strength of relationships. Qualitative methods are also useful for understanding the quality and impact of relationships on implementation progress.
Implementation Climate	Individual and contextual factors that manifest as openness to change and implementation of new practices	Reduction in resistance to change (moderator)
		Increase in mindsets and behaviors that promote implementaiton of new practices (moderator)