Table 4.
Univariable analyses for the association of T2DM related characteristics with comorbid depression
| Independent variable | Category | Depression group (n = 135, %) | Non-depression group (n = 361, %) | Crude OR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI | < 24 | 74 (54.81) | 195 (54.02) | 1 | 0.874 |
| ≥24 | 61 (45.19) | 166 (45.98) | 0.97 (0.65–1.44) | ||
| Duration of diabetes | < 10 years | 50 (37.04) | 174 (48.20) | 1 | 0.002** |
| ≥10 years | 85 (62.96) | 187 (51.80) | 1.96 (1.27–3.04) | ||
| Family history of diabetes | No | 76 (56.30) | 195 (54.02) | 1 | 0.650 |
| Yes | 59 (43.70) | 166 (45.98) | 0.91 (0.61–1.36) | ||
| Hypertension | No | 100 (74.07) | 214 (59.28) | 1 | 0.002** |
| Yes | 35 (25.93) | 147 (40.72) | 1.96 (1.27–3.04) | ||
| Hyperlipidemia | No | 34 (25.19) | 104 (28.81) | 1 | 0.423 |
| Yes | 101 (74.81) | 257 (71.19) | 0.83 (0.53–1.31) | ||
| Coronary heart disease | No | 32 (23.70) | 60 (16.62) | 1 | 0.071 |
| Yes | 103 (76.30) | 301 (83.38) | 1.56 (0.96–2.53) | ||
| Chronic kidney disease | No | 59 (43.70) | 106 (29.36) | 1 | 0.003** |
| Yes | 76 (56.30) | 255 (70.64) | 1.87 (1.24–2.81) | ||
| Stroke | No | 29 (21.48) | 42 (11.63) | 1 | 0.005** |
| Yes | 106 (78.52) | 319 (88.37) | 2.08 (1.23–3.50) | ||
| Fatty liver | No | 22 (16.30) | 95 (26.32) | 1 | 0.019* |
| Yes | 113 (83.70) | 266 (73.68) | 0.55 (0.33–0.91) | ||
| Diabetic nephropathy | No | 90 (66.67) | 172 (47.65) | 1 | < 0.001*** |
| Yes | 45 (33.33) | 189 (52.35) | 2.20 (1.45–3.32) | ||
| Diabetic retinopathy | No | 77 (57.04) | 149 (41.27) | 1 | 0.002** |
| Yes | 58 (42.96) | 212 (58.73) | 1.89 (1.27–2.82) | ||
| Diabetic foot | No | 16 (11.85) | 33 (9.14) | 1 | 0.368 |
| Yes | 119 (88.15) | 328 (90.86) | 1.34 (0.71–2.52) | ||
| Diabetic peripheral neuropathy | No | 28 (20.74) | 89 (24.65) | 1 | 0.361 |
| Yes | 107 (79.26) | 272 (75.35) | 1.25 (0.71–2.52) | ||
| Diabetic peripheral vascular disease | No | 71 (52.59) | 190 (52.63) | 1 | 0.994 |
| Yes | 64 (47.41) | 171 (47.37) | 1.00 (0.67–1.49) | ||
| Insulin use | No | 21 (15.56) | 101 (27.98) | 1 | 0.004** |
| Yes | 114 (84.44) | 260 (72.02) | 2.11 (1.25–3.54) | ||
| HbA1c | ≤7% | 64 (47.41) | 131 (36.29) | 1 | 0.014* |
| > 7% | 71 (52.59) | 230 (63.71) | 0.24 (0.05–0.44) | ||
| Social support | Low | 114 (84.44) | 175 (48.48) | 1 | < 0.001*** |
| High | 21 (15.56) | 186 (51.52) | 0.17 (0.10–0.29) |
* P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; BMI, body mass index