Abbreviation	Definition
AMPs	Antimicrobial peptides/proteins
AMR	Antimicrobial resistance
Anti-PD-1	Anti – programmed cell death protein 1
ASD	Autism-spectrum disorders
EPS	Exopolysaccharides
EV	Extracellular vesicle
FDA	Food and Drug Administration
FFT	Fecal filtrate transplantation
FMT	Fecal microbiota therapy
FPRA	False positive relative abundance
GI	Gastrointestinal
HuMiX	Human microbial co-culture model
IBD	Inflammatory bowel disease
IBS	Irritable bowel syndrome
iHACS	Intestinal Hemi-Anaerobic Co-culture System
IMMSA	Microbiome and Multi-Omics Standards Alliance
LBPs	Live biotherapeutic products
mAb	Monoclonal antibody
MET	Microbial Ecosystem Therapeutic
MHC	major histocompatibility complex
MIMICS	Mimetic Intestinal Host – Microbe Interaction Coculture System
MS	Mass spectrometry
NGS	Next-generation sequencing
Phe	Phenylalanine
PKU	Phenylketonuria
PTMs	Post-translational modifications
rCDI	Recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection
SARS-CoV2	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
SCFA	Short-chain fatty acid
SHIME	Simulation of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem
SIHUMIx	Simplified human intestinal microbiota
STING	Stimulator of interferon gene
TCR	T cell receptor
WHO	World Health Organization