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. 2021 Sep 24;33(5):332–340. doi: 10.1080/08995605.2021.1962181

Table 1.

Demographic characteristics

Characteristic Total Sample N = 232
n %
Military Service    
 Veteran 159 68.5
 Active Duty 73 31.5
Gender    
 Male 166 71.6
 Female 66 28.4
Deployment Experience    
 Deployed at least once to foreign soil 163 70.0
 Deployed at least once to war zone 145 62.5
 One deployment (any) 63 27.0
 Two deployments (any) 52 22.3
 Three deployments (any) 22 9.4
 Four deployments (any) 7 3.0
 Five deployments (any) 19 8.2
 Never deployed 70 30.0
Ethnicity    
 African American 6 2.6
 Asian/Pacific Islander 5 2.1
 Hispanic 19 8.2
 White/ European American 184 79
 Bi/multi-racial/Other 12 5.2
 Native American 7 3
Branch    
 Air Force 52 22.3
 Army 87 37.3
 Marines 37 15.9
 Navy 56 24
 Did not answer 1 .4
Rank    
 Junior Enlisted (E1-E3) 15 6.6
 Noncommissioned Officers (E4-E6) 151 64.8
 Senior Noncommissioned Officers (E7-E9) 26 11.2
 Commissioned Officers (O1-O6) 37 15.9
 Did not answer 4 1.7