Table 6.
Summary of available studies reporting on composite inflammatory markers of interest in LARC patients undergoing nCRT. Cut-offs, p-values and statistics refer only to statistically significant associations at multivariate analysis between markers and outcomes, that are presented in bold.
| First author (year) | Design | Patients n° | Endpoints | Evaluated markers | Cut-off | p-value | Statistics, comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carruthers R (2012) [37] | Retrospective, monocentric | 115 | OS, DFS, TTLR |
NLR PLR |
5 | 0.001, 0.002, 0.014 | HR 7.0, 4.1, 3.8 |
| Kim IY (2014) [16] | Retrospective, monocentric | 102 | ypTNM | NLR | 3 | 0.04 | HR 5.2 |
| Shen L (2014) [30] | Retrospective, monocentric | 199 | OS, DFS, ypTNM | NLR | 2.8 | 0.018 | HR 2.123 |
| Nagasaki T (2015) [38] | Retrospective, monocentric | 201 | OS, RFS | NLR | 3 | 0.012 | HR 3.38 |
| Shen J (2017) [39] | Retrospective, monocentric | 202 | OS, DFS | NLR | n.s. | n.s. | – |
| Zhao J (2017) [40] | Retrospective, monocentric | 100 | OS |
LMR NLR, PLR |
3 | 0.002 | HR 0.43 |
| Vallard A (2018) [41] | Retrospective, monocentric | 257 | OS, PFS, LR, TRG | NLR | 2.8 | 0.02, 0.006, 0.03 | HR 2.23, 2.21,14.7 |
| Zhang X (2018) [42] | Retrospective, monocentric | 76 | OS | NLR | 2 | 0.025 | HR 7.707 |
| Braun LH (2019) [43] | Retrospective, monocentric | 220 | DFS |
NLR LMR, PLR |
4.06 | 0.017 | HR 0.3 |
| Dudani S (2019) [23] | Retrospective, multicentric | 1237 | pCR, OS, DFS | NLR, PLR | n.s. | n.s. | – |
| Kim TG (2019) [44] | Retrospective, monocentric | 176 |
TRG, OS, DFS TRG, OS, DFS |
NLR PLR |
2 133.4 |
0.008, 0.027, 0.014 <0.001 |
– |
| Lee J H (2020) [33] | Retrospective, two centres | 549 | OS, DFS | NLR, PLR | n.s. | n.s. | Significance only in MSI cases |
| Sun Y (2020) [17] | Retrospective, monocentric | 100 | TRG |
NLR PLR SII |
3.05 145.98 |
0.028 0.038 |
OR 4.025 OR 4.337 MACs |
| Timudom K (2020) [45] | Retrospective, monocentric | 111 | ypT, NAR | NLR, MLR, PLR | n.s. | n.s. | – |
| Zhang Y (2020) [15] | Retrospective, monocentric | 472 | OS, DFS |
NLR SII, MLR, PLR |
2.3 | 0.046, 0.044 | HR 1.797, 1.707 |
| Eraslan E (2021) [29] | Retrospective, monocentric | 188 | pCR |
SII NLR, LMR, PLR |
748 | 0.047 | OR 0.471 |
| Wang Y (2021) [46] | Retrospective, monocentric | 273 | TRG, OS, DFS |
PLR, NLR, LMR |
– | 0.013 | HR 0.992 |
DFS: disease-free survival; HR: hazard ratio; LMR: lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio; LR: local recurrence; MACs: mucinous adenocarcinomas; MLR: monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; MSI: microsatellite instability; NAR: neoadjuvant rectal score; nCRT: neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy; NLR: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; n.s.: not significant; OR: odds ratio; OS: overall survival; pCR: pathological complete response; PFS: progression-free survival; PLR: platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; RFS: relapse-free survival; SII: systemic index of inflammation; TRG: tumor regression grade; TTLR: time to local recurrence.