Table 1.
Baseline characteristicsa of the study participants of Human Heredity for Health in Africa Kidney Disease Research Network
| Baseline characteristics | Total n (%) | Cases n (%) | Control n (%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (n %) | ||||
| Male | 3670 (43.7) | 1962 (49.6) | 1708 (38.5) | <0.001 |
| Age | 45.5 ± 15.1 | 45.6 ± 16.0 | 45.4 ± 14.2 | 0.534 |
| Ever smoked at least 100 cigarettes during entire life (n %) | 539 (6.7) | 285 (7.6) | 254 (5.9) | 0.003 |
| Elevated cholesterol (n %) | 470 (8.1) | 271 (9.9) | 199 (6.5) | <0.001 |
| Heart attack (n %) | 85 (1.1) | 49 (1.3) | 36 (0.8) | 0.044 |
| Heart failure (n %) | 61 (0.8) | 46 (1.2) | 15 (0.4) | <0.001 |
| Stroke (n %) | 64 (0.8) | 41 (1.1) | 23 (0.5) | 0.006 |
| Medication use (n %) | 457 (5.4) | 446 (11.3) | 11 (0.2) | <0.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease (n %) | 26 (0.3) | 18 (0.5) | 8 (0.2) | 0.023 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 133.0 ± 27.6 | 136.7 ± 27.8 | 129.5 ± 27.2 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 79.1 ± 16.7 | 81.1 ± 17.8 | 77.2 ± 15.5 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.5 ± 6.3 | 25.0 ± 6.3 | 25.8 ± 6.1 | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 12.6 ± 2.2 | 12.4 ± 2.3 | 12.7 ± 2.2 | <0.001 |
| Albumin-creatinine Ratio (mg/g) | 1.1 (0.6–4.0) | 5.6 (1.2–40.3) | 0.7 (0.5–1.3) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (μmol/l) | 79.0 (62.0–129.0) | 152.0 (76.0– 567.0) | 70.0 (58.0–83.0) | <0.001 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 99.3 (56.6–123.0) | 45.8 (9.9– 104.0) | 112.4 (93.5– 129.1) | <0.001 |
eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration.
a
Characteristics are presented as mean ± SD, median (interquartile range) or number (%).