TABLE 1.
Comparison of clinical and US parameters between the IS group and the control group
| Characteristics | Total | Group | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ischemic stroke | Control | |||
| Age (years) a | 59.31 ± 10.46 | 61.25 ± 9.35 | 57.0 ± 3.71 | 0.35 |
| Blood pressure | ||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) a | 128.1 ± 4.95 | 130.0 ± 4.37 | 126.1 ± 4.93 | 0.06 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) a | 76.7.8 ± 6.79 | 77.58 ± 6.73 | 75.8 ± 7.007 | 0.55 |
| BMI b | 23.15 (21.67, 26.49) | 24.05 (22.08, 27.83) | 22.61 (21.27, 24.65) | 0.18 |
| Sex, n (%) c | 23 (100) | 12 (54.55) | 11 (45.45) | 0.27 |
| Male, n (%) | 17 (73.91) | 8 (66.67) | 9 (81.82) | |
| Female, n (%) | 6 (26.09) | 4 (33.33) | 2 (18.18) | |
| Plaque, n (%) | 46 (100) | 24 (52.17) | 22 (47.83) | / |
| IMT (mm) b | 1.2 (1.1, 1.3) | 1.25 (1.13, 1.30) | 1.1 (1.1, 1.2) | 0.04 |
| Stenosis severity (%) a | 33.42 (27.52, 39.85) | 33.56 (30.76, 46.63) | 31.39 (24.98, 36.25) | 0.23 |
| Plaque | ||||
| Thickness (cm) b | 0.27 (0.23, 0.32) | 0.27 (0.23, 0.33) | 0.25 (0.21, 0.29) | 0.409 |
| Length (cm) b | 1.25 (1.00, 1.88) | 1.20 (0.99, 2.08) | 1.38 (1.05, 1.71) | 0.904 |
| Mechanical index b | 0.18 (0.16, 0.20) | 0.17 (0.16, 0.22) | 0.20 (0.16, 0.20) | 0.695 |
| Subharmonic amplitude of plaque (dB) b | ||||
| Upstream shoulder | −59.6 (−62.53, −55.57) | −58.50 (−61.53, −55.75) | −61.0 (−62.73, −55.13) | 0.301 |
| Top | −62.35 (−65.10, −58.54) | −62.05 (−65.05, −60.10) | −63.2 (−65.10, −57.90) | 0.767 |
| Downstream shoulder | −59.90 (−64.18, −56.58) | −59.35 (−62.27, −56.28) | −63.55 (−65.33, −56.83) | 0.088 |
| Subharmonic amplitude of opposing lumen of plaque (dB) b | ||||
| Upstream shoulder | −58.20 (−60.57, −53.05) | −58.05 (−59.55, −54.07) | −59.6 (−62.20, −51.42) | 0.644 |
| Top | −57.00 (−58.65, −53.27) | −57.40 (−58.30, −53.97) | −54.70 (−60.80, −53.13) | 0.455 |
| Downstream shoulder | −56.4 (−61.50, −54.15) | −55.55 (−59.60, −53.37) | −57.45 (−63.95, −54.27) | 0.333 |
| Subharmonic gradient of intraplaque (dB) b | 3.80 (2.55, 5.60) | 5.05 (3.50, 6.18) | 3.00 (1.98, 4.20) | 0.004 |
| Subharmonic gradient across the plaque cap | −4.85 (−8.13, −2.28) | −5.35 (−6.88, −2.15) | −3.75 (−10.03, −2.28) | 0.843 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; IMT, intima‐media thickness; IS, ischemic stroke; US, ultrasound.
a
Variable reported as mean ± SD (). The t‐test was used to analyze the comparison between two groups, the significance level is 0.05.
b
Variable reported as the median (interquartile range [IQR]), Mann–Whitney U test for comparison between the two groups, the significance level is 0.05.
c
Variable reported as frequency and percentage, Chi‐Square Test was used to compare the differences between the two groups.