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. 2023 Mar 14;14:1401. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-37121-8

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — A Superoxide as a primary ROS in cells. This figure was created with BioRender.com. B Reactivity of various ROS. C Nitrogen substitution of benzene ring up-shifts its electron affinity (EA); the inset shows the ionization potential (IP) of the superoxide radical anion. D HPLC traces of Tz1 before and after the treatment of superoxide. E Proposed reaction mechanism between 1,2,4,5-tetrazine and superoxide to yield 2,5-diphenyl-l,3,4-oxadiazole (O1). F Reactivity of Tz1 when treated with various analytes. Data shown were the normalized yields of O1. G Superoxide dose-dependent conversion of Tz1 to O1. H Superoxide transformed Tz1-Tz4 to their oxadiazole counterparts, and the stereoelectronic effects on their reactivity towards superoxide. Data are presented as mean value ± SD, n = 3 independent experiments.