Table 2.
Community Drug Consumption in Rural University Town and in Comparable Areas.
| Drug name (code) | This study (in mg/d/1000 people) |
Previous Studies in North America (in mg/d/1000 people) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rural university town |
University campus |
Rural town |
|||||
| Min. | Max. | Median | Mean | SD | Mean | Mean | |
| Morphine (MOR) | 13 | 1623 | 611 | 656 | 411 | 18a | 174, 288c; 1780d |
| Codeine (COD) | 9 | 112 | 32 | 39 | 20 | 50a | 587, 614, 2000, 2090c; 140d |
| Hydrocodone (HCD) | 8 | 95 | 20 | 24 | 17 | – | – |
| Methadone (MTD) | 30 | 421 | 125 | 144 | 86 | 72a | 13, 22, 127, 215c; 131d |
| Fentanyl (FEN) | 7 | 230 | 37 | 49 | 38 | – | 1.27d |
| Cocaine (COC) | 102 | 2413 | 683 | 758 | 455 | 2b; 551a | 3.9e; 938d |
| Methamphetamine (METHA) | 0.67 | 354 | 29 | 43 | 55 | 236a | 984c, 6510c; 1740d |
| Amphetamine (AMP) | 32 | 1263 | 573 | 537 | 359 | 2b; 256a | 3.1e; 420, 690, 1040, 1710c; 967d |
| 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) | 2 | 127 | 11 | 21 | 25 | 88a | 1.4e; 31, 66c |
| 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine (MDEA) | 0.67 | 23 | 4 | 4 | 4 | – | – |
a
One week of daily sampling per month, over five consecutive months, in a university located in Southwestern U.S. (Gushgari et al., 2018).
b
Three weeks of daily sampling at the end of spring semester in a university main campus located in Southeastern U.S. (Heuett et al., 2015).
c
Twenty samples collected over three months from a small micropolitan and a small rural community located in Western U.S. (Bishop et al., 2020).
d
One week of daily sampling in rural community (predominantly university student population) located in Midwestern U.S. (Skees et al., 2018).
e
Two weeks of daily sampling in a small city located in Canada. (Yargeau et al., 2014).