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. 2023 Mar 15;8:123. doi: 10.1038/s41392-023-01345-3

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — A single dose of Ad5-nCoV vaccine elicited robust antibody responses and viral clearance. a Vaccination scheme indicating that 10 of the PA cases received one dose of Ad5-nCoV vaccine (Convidecia) (9 via inhalation and 1 via intramuscular injection) at 18 wpo when they were still SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA-positive. Samples were collected at 4 consecutive time points (T1, T2, T3, and T4). b Viral loads in oropharyngeal swab were detected at given time points using q-RT-PCR targeting on ORF1ab (left) and N (right) genes. The dashed lines represent the threshold, and a Ct value of <40 indicates the presence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in the sample. c Dynamics of nAb titers against SARS-CoV-2 (WT) in PA cases post vaccination are presented. The dashed line represents the limit of detection. d Dynamics of IgG and IgA levels against multiple structural proteins (RBD, S, S1, and S2) in plasma are presented. Plasma samples from six healthy donors collected in 2017 − 2018 were used to define the thresholds (mean + 3 SD), indicated as dashed lines. b–d Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test was performed to compare data between T1 and other time points, respectively (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01). e–j Spearman correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between Ct values of ORF1ab or N genes and the values of neutralizing antibodies (e) or various binding antibodies (g–j), which are summarized in a heatmap (f)