Fig. 1.

Visuospatial processing task paradigm and behavioral outcomes. (a) A fixation crosshair was centrally presented for 2000 (±100) ms, followed by a checkerboard grid stimulus appearing in one of four locations (top left, bottom left, top right, bottom right) for 800 ms. Participants were instructed to respond via button press to indicate the laterality (left = right index finger, right = right middle finger) of the stimulus checkerboard relative to the fixation cross. (b) Residuals of reaction time and accuracy are given on the y-axis as a function of group accounting for the effect of age. Cognitively impaired participants (ADS/HAND patients) were less accurate than cognitively normal adults, but did not differ in reaction time. In general, patients on the ADS performed similar to patients with HAND. Error bars reflect the standard error of the mean (SEM). ^*P < 0.05.