Figure 1.
Becn1F121A mice produce a thicker and less penetrable colonic mucus layer and mount a dampened immune response in the colonic tissue
(A) Scheme depicting regulation of autophagy activation via Bcl-2 phosphorylation and its alteration in Becn1F121A mice.
(B) Alcian blue staining of Carnoy’s-fixed colonic tissue. The mucus layer is defined by the dashed line. Scale bars, 50 μm.
(C) Measurements of mucus thickness as shown in (B).
(D and E) (D) Detection of TLR4 and (E) TLR5 agonist in mouse serum using reporter cell lines.
(F) Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) plot of RNA sequencing performed on colonic tissues.
(G) Volcano plot of transcripts from RNA sequencing. Genes in blue were down-regulated in Becn1F121A mice compared with wild-type mice and genes in red were up-regulated.
(H) Pathway analysis of transcripts, which are down-regulated in Becn1F121A mice according to GO biological function. Bars represent −log (p value) and dots represent number of genes in pathway.
(I) Heatmap depicting differentially expressed innate immune genes with an FDR < 0.01. Each column represents a mouse and each row a gene.
(C–F) Each dot represents a mouse. (G) Each dot represents a gene. ∗p < 0.05; ∗∗∗p < 0.001; ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001; Student’s t test. WT, wild type; F121A, Becn1F121A; a.u., arbitrary units.