Table 1.
Characteristics of GWASs on the Blood Metabolome and Psychiatric Disorders.
| Phenotype | Cohort(s) | Sample size | Ethnicity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic trait (N = 453) | KORA; TwinsUK | 7,824 | German; British |
| Metabolic trait (N = 123) | EGCUT; ERF; FTC; FR97; COROGENE; GenMets; HBCS; KORA; LLS; NTR; NFBC 1966; PredictCVD; PROTE; YFS | 24,925 | Estonian; Dutch; Finnish; Finnish; Finnish; Finnish; Finnish; German; Dutch; Dutch; Finnish; Finnish; Estonian; Finnish |
| Metabolic trait (N = 249) | UK Biobank | 115,078 | British |
| BIP | BOMA-Australia; BOMA-Germany II; BOMA-Germany III; BOMA-Poland; BOMA-Spain; BOMA-Germany I; Trinity College Dublin; University of Edinburgh; FaST, TGEN1,2; French; BiGs: GAIN; BACCS; Nova Scotia, MGH i2b2 controls; ICCBD BDRN; Janssen, SAGE controls; Mayo Clinic; Pritzker Neuropsychiatric Disorders Research Consortium (U Michigan); Pfizer; BOMA-Romania; STEP2, MIGEN controls; STEP1; SWEBIC I Affy; SWEBIC I Illumina; TOP; TOP, additional samples on new platform; Dutch-UCLA; University College London; UMEA; ICCBD USC; WTCCC; Bulgarian trios; UK trios; Janssen; PsyCourse; BIGs/TGEN; Bipolar Depression Treatment Response Study; dutcha; gawlia; GUF-Bipolar; GPC; NeuRA-psych (including controls from The Australian Schizophrenia Research Bank); spsp3a; GEMS and EIMS; ukwa1a; usaw4a; usaw5a; iPSYCH; deCODE; Estonian Biobank; Nord-Trøndelag Health Study; UK Biobank; BOMA-Russia; ATLADIS; BIPGEN; BOMA-Romania II | 413,466 | Australian; German; German; Polish; Spanish; German; British; British; American; French; American; American; Canadian/American; British; American; American; American; American; Romanian; American; American; Swedish; Swedish; Norwegian; Norwegian; Dutch; British; Swedish; American; British; Bulgarian; British; East. European; German; American; German; Dutch; German; German; American; Australian; Spanish; Swedish; British; American; Canadian/American; Danish; Icelander; Estonian; Norwegian; British; Russian; Greek; Austrian; Romanian |
| ADHD | iPSYCH-ADHD, Denmark; Barcelona, Spain (from PGC); Beijing, China (from PGC); Bergen, Norway (from PGC); Cardiff, UK (from PGC); CHOP, USA (from PGC); Germany (from PGC); IMAGE-I (from PGC); IMAGE-II (from PGC); PUWMa (from PGC); Toronto, Canada (from PGC); Yale-Penn (from PGC) | 55,374 | Danish; Spanish; Han Chinese; Norwegian; British; American; German; European; European; Diverse (American); Canadian; American |
| OCD | IOCDFGC Ashkenazi Jewish; IOCDFGC Dutch; IOCDFGC European; IOCDFGC South African; IOCDFGC European Trios; OCGAS case/control; OCGAS Trios | 9,725 | European ancestry; European ancestry; European ancestry; European ancestry; European ancestry; European ancestry; European ancestry |
| MDD | UK Biobank; PGC_139k | 500,199 | British; European |
| SCZ | CLOZUK1; CardiffCOGS1; CLOZUK2; CardiffCOGS2; WTCCC2; Cardiff Controls; Generation Scotland; T1DGC; POBI; TWINSUK; QIMR; TEDS; GERAD | 35,802 | British; British; British; British; British; British; British; British; British; British; Australian; British; British |
| PD | Germany I; Germany II; Germany III; Sweden; Denmark; Estonia | 9,907 | German; German; German; Swedish; Danish; Estonian |
| ASD | iPSYCH-ASD | 46,350 | Danish |
| AN | CHOP/PFCG; GCAN/WTCCC3; GCAN/WTCCC3/IARC/CNG; ANGI-DK; ANGI-ANZ/QSkin; ANGI-US/PFCG; ANGI-SE (Riksät/SCÄ/LifeGene/other); UK Biobank | 72,517 | American/Canadian, British, German, Italian; Finnish, French, German, Norwegian, Swedish, Southern Italian, Greek, Dutch, Spanish, British, American/Canadian; Polish, Czech; Danish; Australian, New Zealander; American; Swedish, Danish; British |
Abbreviation: ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; AN, anorexia nervosa; ANGI, Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative; ASD, autistic spectrum disorder; ATLADIS, AThens Longitudinal Affective DIsorders Study; BACCS, Bipolar Association Case-Control Study; BDRN, Bipolar Disorder Research Network; BiGs, Bipolar Genome Study; BIP, bipolar disorder; BOMA, Bonn-Mannheim; CardiffCOGS, Cardiff Cognition in Schizophrenia; CHOP, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; CLOZUK, United Kingdom Clozapine Clinic; CNG, Centre National de Génotypage; COROGENE, Genetic Predisposition of Coronary Heart Disease in Patients Verified with Coronary Angiogram; EGCUT, Estonian Genome Center of University of Tartu Cohort; EIMS, Epidemiological Investigation of Multiple Sclerosis; ERF, Erasmus Rucphen Family Study; FR97, a subsample of FINRISK 1997; FTC, Finnish Twin Cohort; GAIN, Genetic Association Information Network; GCAN, Genetic Consortium for Anorexia Nervosa; GEMS, Genes and Environment in Multiple Sclerosis; GenMets, Genetics of METabolic Syndrome; GERAD, Genetic and Environmental Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease; GPC, Genomic Psychiatry Cohort; GUF, Goethe University Frankfurt; GWAS, genome-wide association study; HBCS, Helsinki Birth Cohort Study; IARC, International Agency for Research on Cancer; ICCBD, International Cohort Collection for Bipolar Disorder; IMAGE, International Multisite ADHD Genetics; IOCDFGC, International Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Foundation Genetics Collaborative; iPSYCH, Integrative Psychiatric Research; KORA, Kooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg; LLS, Leiden Longevity Study; MDD, major depressive disorder; MGH, Massachusetts General Hospital; MIGEN, Myocardial Infarction Genetics Consortium; NFBC 1966, Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966; NTR, Netherlands Twin Register; OCGAS, OCD Collaborative Genetics Association Study; PD, panic disorder; PFCG, Price Foundation Collaborative Group; PGC, Psychiatric Genomics Consortium; POBI, People of the British Isles; PredictCVD, FINRISK subsample of incident cardiovascular cases and controls; PROTE, EGCUT sub-cohort; PUWMa, Pfizer-funded study from University of Carlifornia, Los Angeles (UCLA), Washington University, and MGH; QIMR, Queensland Institute of Medical Research; QSkin, Sun and Health Study; Riksät, Swedish National Quality Register for Eating Disorders; SAGE, Study of ADHD, Genes and Environment; SCÄ, Stockholm Center for Eating Disorders; SCZ, schizophrenia; STEP, Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder; SWEBIC, Swedish Bipolar Collection; T1DGC, Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium; TEDS, Twins Early Development Study; TGEN, Translational Genomics Research Institute; TOP, Thematically Organized Psychosis; WTCCC, Wellcome Trust Case-Control Consortium; YFS, The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.
a Cohort whose sample name was not available was represented using the corresponding abbreviation in the original GWAS.