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. 2022 Aug 26;2:989002. doi: 10.3389/fopht.2022.989002

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Copyright © 2022 Ichinose and Habib

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Structure and the signals of the primary visual cortex (V1). (A) The V1 comprises six layers of neurons, including pyramidal cells and interneurons. The visual signal from the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) innervates Layer 4 and partially also Layer 6. Layer 4 interneurons relay signals to Layer 2/3. There are also interlayer connections, feedback connections to the LGN, and feedforward connections from Layer 5 to the superior colliculus (SC). (B) A representative receptive field of a simple cell in Layer 4, which contains aligned and elongated ON and OFF subfields. Black and gray traces show per-stimulus time histograms measured with dark and light stimuli, respectively. (C) A representative receptive field of a complex cell in Layer 2/3. The ON and OFF subfields show greater overlap. (B) and (C) are adapted with permission from Martinez et al. (61).