Table 1. Demographic characteristics of patients with HNSCC.
“n” indicates the number of cases, and “%” indicates the percentage of total cases. Values are based on two-tailed chi-square tests (except for age, which was analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test)
SCC, squamous cell carcinoma; HNSCC, Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; SD, standard deviation; UAE, United Arab Emirates; ANOVA, analysis of variance
| Characteristics | SCC % (n = 61) | Dysplasia % (n = 10) | Control (benign lesions) % (n = 83) | Total % (n = 154) | P-value |
| Gender | 0.002 | ||||
| Female | 24.6 (15) | 60.0 (6) | 51.8 (43) | 41.6 (64) | |
| Male | 75.4 (46) | 40.0 (4) | 48.2 (40) | 58.4 (90) | |
| Age in year (mean ± SD) | 59.4 (13.1) | 58.4 (11.2) | 38.4 (17.5) | - | <0.001 |
| Nationality | 0.011 | ||||
| UAE | 30.5 (18) | 20(2) | 55.4 (46) | 42.9 (66) | |
| Other Arabs | 28.8 (17) | 20(2) | 13.3 (11) | 21.4 (33) | |
| South Asian | 30.5 (18) | 40(4) | 15.7 (13) | 20.8 (32) | |
| Others | 10.2 (6) | 20(2) | 15.7 (13) | 13.6 (21) | |
| Tobacco smoking | 38.3 (23) | 0.0 (0) | 13.4 (11) | - | <0.001 |
| Tobacco chewing | 5.0 (3) | 10.0 (1) | 1.2 (1) | - | 0.215 |
| Alcohol intake | 16.7 (10) | 0.0 (0) | 2.4 (2) | - | 0.005 |
| Surgical procedure | 0.005 | ||||
| Biopsy | 70.5 (43) | 100.0 (10) | 89.2 (74) | - | |
| Resection | 29.5 (18) | 0.0 (0) | 10.8 (9) | - | |
| Anatomic location | <0.001 | ||||
| Larynx | 29.5 (18) | 20.0 (2) | 4.8 (4) | - | |
| Oral cavity | 62.3 (38) | 70.0 (7) | 66.3 (55) | - | |
| Pharynx | 8.2 (5) | 10.0 (1) | 28.9 (24) | - |