TABLE 1.
Baseline and procedural characteristics according to objective functional improvement.
| Functional improvement N = 169 | Not functional improvement N = 39 | P-value | |
| Age, years | 81.3 (77.2–84.3) | 83.7 (75.8–87) | 0.16 |
| Female gender | 95 (56.2%) | 20 (51.3%) | 0.59 |
| Diabetes | 50 (29.6%) | 16 (41%) | 0.18 |
| High blood pressure | 142 (84%) | 31 (79.5%) | 0.49 |
| Dyslipidemia | 123 (72.8%) | 30 (76.9%) | 0.69 |
| Coronary artery disease | 50 (29.6%) | 15 (38.5%) | 0.34 |
| Previous MI | 15 (8.9%) | 2 (5.1%) | 0.75 |
| Previous PCI | 32 (18.9%) | 8 (20.5%) | 0.82 |
| <6 months | 17 (10.1%) | 3 (7.7%) | 1 |
| Previous CABG | 4 (2.4%) | 0 | 1 |
| Carotid disease | 3 (1.8%) | 2 (5.1%) | 0.24 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 14 (8.3%) | 3 (7.7%) | 1 |
| Mitral valve disease | 29 (17.2%) | 6 (15.4%) | 1 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 53 (31.4%) | 22 (56.4%) | 0.005 |
| Previous pacemaker | 6 (3.6%) | 4 (10.3%) | 0.16 |
| GFR < 60 ml/min | 69 (40.8%) | 22 (56.4%) | 0.11 |
| GFR < 30 ml/min | 8 (4.7%) | 3 (7.7%) | 0.44 |
| Pulmonary disease | 26 (15.4%) | 7 (17.9%) | 0.64 |
| Liver disease | 5 (3%) | 3 (7.7%) | 0.17 |
| History of cancer | 32 (18.9%) | 8 (20.5%) | 0.82 |
| Agatston calcium score | 2981.5 | 2725 | 0.82 |
| (1,861–3,723.5) | (1,625–4877.5) | ||
| EuroSCORE II | 3.3 (2.6) | 3.3 (2.9) | 0.95 |
| STS-score mortality | 2.8 (2–4) | 3.2 (2.4–4.4) | 0.21 |
| Symptomatic and functional status | |||
| 6 min walking test (m) | 236 ± 107.1 | 273 ± 110 | 0.12 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/ml) | 1,772 (727–4,263.5) | 1,718 (667–3,156) | 0.45 |
| NYHA | 0.12 | ||
| Class I | 0 | 0 | |
| Class II | 105 (62.1%) | 31 (79.5%) | |
| Class III | 58 (34.3%) | 8 (20.5%) | |
| Class IV | 6 (3.6%) | 0 | |
| KCCQ | 59.3 ± 13.4 | 65.3 ± 12.9 | 0.03 |
| Test SF-36 | 41 (31–56) | 46 (33–63) | 0.34 |
| Test EQ-5D | 50 (50–60) | 50 (45–70) | 0.98 |
| Barthel index | 100 (95–100) | 100 (100–100) | 0.15 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 5 (4–6) | 5 (4–8) | 0.34 |
| Essential Frailty Toolset | 0.20 | ||
| 0 | 52 (30.8%) | 18 (46.2%) | |
| 1–2 | 89 (52.7%) | 19 (48.7%) | |
| 3–4 | 28 (16.5%) | 2 (5.1%) | |
| 5 | 0 | 0 | |
| Procedural characteristics | |||
| Size of valve prothesis | 0.30 | ||
| 23 mm | 70 (41.4%) | 11 (28.2%) | |
| 26 mm | 80 (47.3%) | 23 (59%) | |
| 29 mm | 18 (10.7%) | 5 (12.8%) | |
| Predilatation | 76 (45%) | 20 (51.3%) | 0.48 |
| Postdilatation | 7 (4.1%) | 3 (7.7%) | 0.42 |
| Coronary obstruction | 2 (1.2%) | 1 (2.6%) | 0.47 |
| Valve embolization | 0 | 0 | |
| Second valve implantation | 0 | 0 | |
| Aortic annulus rupture | 0 | 0 | |
| Stroke | 0 | 1 (2.5%) | 0.04 |
Values are n (%), mean ± SD, or median (25–75th interquartile range), depending on the variable distribution. MI, Myocardial infarction; PCI, Percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG, Coronary artery bypass graft; GFR, Glomerular filtration rate; STS-score, Society of Thoracic Surgeons score; NYHA, New York Heart Association; KCCQ, Kansas City Cardiomiopathy Questionnarie; EQ-5D, European Quality of life 5 Dimensions.