Table 4. Cutometer parameters in PP dataset (n=53).
*Post hoc independent sample t-test (between-group comparisons).
P value <0.05 (except for melanin index) for time effect in repeat measures ANOVA.
TEWL: transepidermal water loss; R2 ratio: skin elasticity; SD: standard deviation; CI: confidence interval
| Parameter | Treatment | N | Baseline | Change from baseline on day 60 | Between-group comparisons | |||
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean difference (95% CI) | Test* | p-Value | Effect size - Cohen's “d” (95% CI) | |||
| TEWL (g/h m2) | Ashwagandha | 27 | 22.90 (04.71) | -3.41 (0.82) | -1.44 (-1.91 to -0.97) | -6.137 | <0.0001 | -1.686 (-2.310 to -1.050) |
| Placebo | 26 | 22.55 (04.41) | -1.97 (0.89) | |||||
| Melanin index (AU) | Ashwagandha | 27 | 384.79 (79.17) | 168.38 (185.75) | -1.97 (-104.08 to 100.13) | -0.039 | 0.969 | -0.011 (-0.549 to 0.528) |
| Placebo | 26 | 376.82 (75.52) | 170.35 (184.43) | |||||
| Hydration (CU) | Ashwagandha | 27 | 24.89 (03.86) | 5.28 (1.27) | 2.87 (2.17 to 3.56) | 8.306 | <0.0001 | 2.28 (1.58 to 2.97) |
| Placebo | 26 | 25.07 (04.78) | 2.41 (1.24) | |||||
| R2 ratio | Ashwagandha | 27 | 0.63 (0.13) | 0.10 (0.01) | 0.08 (0.07 to 0.08) | 22.045 | <0.0001 | 6.057 (4.76 to 7.34) |