TABLE 6.
Chip-based microfluidic DNA sensor detection techniques.
| Type of affinity assay | Determination method | LOD | DLR | Ref (s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glass substrate/Negative photoresist/Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) | Microfluidics/Fabrication of microfluidics structure-based polydimethylsiloxane biopolymer on a glass substrate with SU-8 photoresist for label-free detection DNA | 260–280 nm absorbance | 0.000005 A difference at 1.0 V after hybridization | Ayoib et al. (2020) |
| CMOS sensor for imaging | Microfluidic/Presented centrifugation assisted precipitation method for single-step DNA quantification | 10Mng/uL | 10–100Mng/uL | Banerjee et al. (2019) |
| Agarose gel electrophoresis/PCR | Microfluidic/PCR/designed 3D-printed microfluidic chip was and fabricated for droplet-based PCR detection of mRNA | normalized intensity-0.82–0.92 | Jiao et al. (2019) | |
| Ion concentration polarization | Microfluidic Electrokinetic/Sensitive detection of nucleic acids via hybridization on a microarray | 1 nM | 0.1–100 nM | Kim et al. (2020) |
| PDMS | Microfluidic Chip/Designed Power-free Chip in which amplification of Fluorescence signals after hybridization by laminar flow-assisted dendritic | 0.045–0.45 pM | 1 fM–10 pM | Kim et al. (2019) |
| PDMS/Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) | Flexible microfluidic chip/developed a wearable microfluidic device combined with RPA for simple and rapid amplification of DNA using human body heat | 100 copies/mL in 24 min | 10–105 copies/mL | Kong et al. (2019) |
| PDMS/Polyethylene (PE) | Microfluidic PCR/propose a bubble-free microfluidic PCR device via controlled fluid transfer | 47 copies/single PCR in <3 min | 250–1,000 nM | Lee et al. (2019) |
| Laser diode/PMMA | Microfluidic/Proposed Disposal disc based on a double rotation axes centrifugal microfluidic platform | 100 copies/mL | 0–500 μL | Li et al. (2019a) |
| PDMS | Microfluidic PCR/proposed hierarchical selective electro kinetic concentration PCR as noise resistant quantitative PCR for rapid detection of ultralow-abundance DNA in real biofluids | 0.05 aM | 0–150 mL | Ye and De (2017) |
| Cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) | Microfluidic/based combination of online dynamic magnetic extraction procedure with droplet-based digital PCR | 15.45 ng/mL | 10–100 ng/mL | Perez-Toralla et al. (2019) |
| COC | Microfluidic/RNA was hybridized with capture probes on the reaction chamber surface and identification was achieved by detection of fluorescence tags | 757.86 fM | 10-1-10−5 pM | Prada et al. (2019) |
| Polycarbonate/lithium niobate | Microfluidic chip/based on non-equilibrium ionic currents and detects the presence of negative charge on target molecules | 1 pM | 0.001–1 nM | Ramshani et al. (2019) |
| Graphene Oxide (Gox)/Fluorimetric | Fluorimetric-Paired-Emitter-Detector-Diode based on GO high affinity toward single-stranded DNA and its ability to quench the fluorescence | 0.625 uM | 0.625–2.5 uM | Ziółkowski et al. (2020) |
| Au/Fe3O4 NPs/Polydopamine based microbeads | Flow cytometry/Synthesizes Au NPs decorated magnetic MBs exhibit fluorescence signal of each MBs could be collected individually, realizing single MBs-based DNA imaging | 0.1 nM | 0.2–20 nM | Li et al. (2020a) |