Table 6.

List of medicinal plant species wherein plant part used, their doses and experimental conditions developed through the exposure of various treatments and optimization strategies.

Medicinal plant species	Common name	Part used	Doses	Experimental conditions	Fish used	References
Asparagus racemosus	Shatavari	Root extract	100 mg/kg	FRP tanks	Labeo rohita	[217]
Achyranthes aspera	Prickly chaff flower	Leaf and seed powder	0.5%	Aquarium	Clarias batrachus	[218]
Azadirachta indica	Neem	Leaf extracts	5, 7 and 10%	Tanks	Oncorhynchus mykiss	[219]
Allium sativum	Garlic	Root powder	0.5, 1.5, 3 and 10%	Fibre pond	Lates calcarifer	[220]
Nymphaea alba	Water lily	Whole plant	10, 20 and 30%	Plastic aquaria	Clarias gariepinus	[221]
Phyllanthus emblica	Amla	Fruit extract	20 mg/kg	Tanks	Oreochromis niloticus	[222]
Thymus vulgaris	Thyme	Flower oil	2%	Fiberglass tank	Oncorhynchus mykiss	[223]
Zingiber officinale	Ginger	Rhizomes of ginger	5 g, 10 g, 15 g, and 20 g/kg	Semi-intensive culture system	Labeo rohita	[224]
Artemisia absinthium	Common wormwood	Aqueous extract	0.5, 1 and 1.5%	Concrete tank	Cyprinus carpio	[225]
Coffea arabica	Coffee	Coffee silver skin	10, 20, 40 and 80 g/kg	Biofloc system	Oreochromis niloticus	[34]
Psidium guajava	Guava	Leaves extracts	100, 150, 200 and 250 leaves mg/kg	Plastic tanks	Cyprinus carpio	[226]
Nigella sativa	Black seed	Seeds powder	1 and 2.5%	Glass aquaria	Labeo rohita	[36]
Achyranthes aspera	Prickly chaff flower	Leaf and seed powder	0.25, 0.5% leaves and 0.5% seeds	Hapa (pond)	Labeo rohita	[227]
Isatis tinctoria	Woad	Leaves extract	1, 1.5, 2 & 2.5%	Tanks	Pseudotropheus acei	[228]
Radix bupleuri	Chaihu	Root extract	200–800 mg/kg	Cage	Epinephelus lanceolatus and Epinephelus fuscoguttatus	[229]
Ziziphus jujube	Fruit extract	Fruit extract	0.25, 0.5 and 1%	Tank	Cyprinus carpio	[230]
Citrus sinensis	Common jujube	Peels	5, 10 and 29 g/kg	Biofloc system	Oreochromis niloticus	[231]
Curcuma longa	Turmeric	Root powder	2.0 g/kg	Fiberglass tank	Cyprinus carpio	[232]
Mespilus germanica	Spanish cherry	Leaves extract	0.25, 0.5 and 1%	Fiberglass tank	Cyprinus carpio	[233]
Urtica dioica	Stinging nettle	Plant methanolic extracts	0.1 and 0.5 g/kg	Aquarium	Oncorhynchus mykiss	[234]
Musa acuminata	Banana	Peel flour	0, 1, 3, 5 and 7%	Plastic tank	Labeo rohita	[235]
Chlorophytum borivilianum	Safed musli	Root (Polysaccharide)	0.4%	Plastic quarantine tank	Labeo rohita	[236]
Ocimum sanctum	Holy basil or Tulsi	Leaf extracts	0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1%	Rectangular plastic tub	Labeo rohita	[47]
Mentha piperita	Peppermint	Leaves extract	1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 g/kg	Round blue tanks	Lates calcarifer	[237]
Euphorbia hirta	Hairy spurge	Leaf extract	5, 10, 20, 25 and 50 g/kg	Tanks	Cyprinus carpio	[191]
Nigella sativa	Black cumin	Seed oil	1, 2, 3%	Aquarium	Oncorhynchus mykiss	[238]
Sophora flavescens	Chinese medicinal herb	Root powder	0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4%	Concrete tanks	Oreochromis niloticus	[193]
Viscum album	Mistletoe	Leaf extract	50 mg/kg	FRP tank	Oreochromis niloticus	[239]
Lindera aggregate	Chinese spicebush	Root	60 mg/l	Glass aquarium	Carassius auratus	[50]
Pseudolarix kaempferi	Golden larch	Leaf extract	12.5 and 25 mg/ml	Glass petri dishes	Carassius auratus eggs	[240]
Eriobotrya japonica	Japanese plum	Leaf extract	0.1, 1 and 2%	Recirculating cement tanks	Epinephelus bruneus	[241]
Prunella vulgaris	Carpenter's herb	Ethanol extract	0.01, 0.1 and 1%	Recirculating cement tanks	Paralichthys olivaceus	[242]
Aegle marmelos	Bel	Leaf extract	5 g/kg	Tanks	Cyprinus carpio	[243]
Datura metel	Dhatura	Leaf extract	100 mg/ml	FRP tank	Ornamental fish	[244]
Withania somnifera	Ashwagandha	Root powder	2 g/kg	FRP tank	Labeo rohita	[53]
Camellia sinensis	Green tea	Leaf powder	0.5 g/kg	Fiberglass tank	Oreochromis niloticus	[245]
Rheum officinale	Indian rhubarb	Anthraquinone extract (Bail)	0.05, 0.1, 0.2, & 0.4%	Concrete tanks	Macrobrachium rosenbergii	[246]
Lonicera japonica	Japanese honeysuckle	Plant extract	0.1% and 0.1% with 0.05% boron	Recirculation system	Oreochromis niloticus	[247]
Eclipta alba	Bhringraj	Leaves aqueous extract	0.01, 0.1 and 1%	FRP tanks	Oreochromis mossambicus	[248]
Cinnamomum cassia	Cinnamon	Bark extract	75.8–189.6 μg/ml	FRP tank	Cyprinus carpio	[249]