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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Mar 16.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Sci (Lond). 2022 Mar 18;136(5):345–360. doi: 10.1042/CS20210512

Figure. 6. mitomiR biosynthesis.

Figure. 6.

mitomiRs are transcribed in the nucleus by the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) which produces primary miRNAs (pri-mitomiRs), which are then modified by the RNAse III class enzyme, Drosha, to form precursor-miRNAs (pre-mitomiRs). Pre-mitomiRs are exported to the cytoplasm by exportin 5 (EXP5) and subsequently processed to produce mature mitomiRs, which will be subsequently imported into the organelle by the polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase) and RNA-induced silencing complex protein Argonaute 2 (Ago2) to target mtDNA genes or induce post-transcriptional repression of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes on the mitochondrial surface.