Figure 4.

Overview of the electrode material used in MSC. (a) Carbide-derived carbon on a Si wafer. Reprinted with permission from ref (16). Copyright 2016, American Association for the Advancement of Science. (b) laser-scribed graphene MSC. Reprinted with permission from ref (19). Copyright 2013, Springer Nature. (c) PANI. Reprinted with permission from ref (71). Copyright 2021, John Wiley and Sons. (d) RuO₂ film on 3D porous Au. Reprinted with permission from ref (72). Copyright 2015, John Wiley and Sons. (e) RuO₂ film on 3D scaffold. Reprinted with permission from ref (73). Copyright 2021, Elsevier.