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. 2023 Mar 16;13:4345. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-31382-5

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Comparative diagnostic performance of rSARS-CoV-2 Euk1-S1 protein with patient urine and serum samples. (A) ELISA assays were done using positive samples (n = 140 urine and n = 140 serum) from COVID-19 patients with previously positive qRT-PCR and negative samples (n = 31 urine and n = 46 serum). The mean of each group is shown and the gray band indicates indeterminate values for each sample, while index values below the range (< 0.8) are negative and values above (> 1.1) are considered positive. (B) Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed using the individual index (I) value for each sample, to obtain sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve values.