Table 2.
Summary of randomized clinical trials evaluating ω-3 PUFAs in ARDS
| Study | Mortality (%) |
Infections (%) |
Length of stay (days) |
Duration of ventilation (days) |
Other |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fish oils | Standard | Fish oils | Standard | Fish oils | Standard | Fish oils | Standard | Fish oils | Standard | |
| Gadek et al. 1999[19] | 28-d 11/70 (16) |
28-d 19/76 (25) |
NR | NR | ICU 11.0 ± 7.5 Hospital 27.9 ± 17.6 |
ICU 14.8 ± 11.0 Hospital 31.1 ± 20.4 |
9.6 ± 7.5 | 13.2 ± 11.9 | New organ failures | |
| 7/70 (10) | 19/76 (25) | |||||||||
| Singer et al. 2006[22] | 28-d 14/46 (30) |
28-d 26/49 (53) |
NR | NR | ICU 13.5 ± 11.8 |
ICU 15.6 ± 11.8 |
12.1 ± 11.3 | 14.7 ± 12 | NR | |
| Pontes-Arruda et al. 2006[4] | 28-d 26/83 (31) |
28-d 38/82 (46) |
NR | NR | ICU 17.2 ± 4.9 |
ICU 23.4 ± 3.5 |
14.64 ± 4.3 (55) | 22.19 ± 5.1 | New organ dysfunction | |
| 38% | 81% | |||||||||
| Rice et al. 2011[6] | 60-d 38/143 (27) |
60-d 21/129 (16) |
VAP 10/143 (7) Bacteremia 16/143 (11) |
VAP 10/129 (8) Bacteremia 14/129 (11) |
ICU-free days 14.0 ± 10.5 |
ICU-free days 16.7 ± 9.5 |
Ventilator-free days 14.0 ± 11.1 |
Ventilator-free days 17.2 ± 10.2 |
Non-pulmonary organ failure–free days | |
| 12.3 ± 11.1 | 15.5 ± 11.4 | |||||||||
| Grau-Carmona et al. 2011[15] | 28-d 11/61 (18) |
28-d 11/71 (16) |
VAP 32/61 (53) |
VAP 34/71 (48) |
ICU 16 (11–25) |
ICU 18 (10–30) |
10 (6–14) | 9 (6–18) | Nutritional intake 1 (kcal/day) | |
| 718 (1189–1965) | 1599 (1351–1976) | |||||||||
| Theilla et al. 2011[23] | NR | NR | NR | NR | ICU 26.1 ± 14.2 |
ICU 21.2 ± 9.1 |
NR | NR | Change in pressure ulcers Scale | |
| 1.5 | 0.3 | |||||||||
| Stapleton et al. 2011[5] | Hospital 10/41 (22) 60-d 9/41 (23) |
Hospital 10/49 (20) 60-d 12/49 (24) |
NR | NR) | ICU 11.9 ± 10.6 Hospital 23.0 ± 18.3 ICU-free days 12 ± 11 Hospital-free days 23 ± 19 |
ICU 17.4 ± 14.8 Hospital 27.6 ± 20.6 ICU-free days 11 ± 10 Hospital- free days 27.5 ± 22 |
8.6 ± 9.0 (38) Ventilator-free days 14.8 ± 10 |
12.9 ± 12.2 Ventilator-free days 14.0 ± 10 |
Nutritional intake in first wk | |
| 7362 ± 3800 kcal | 7495 ± 3831 kcal | |||||||||
| Gupta et al. 2011[20] | ICU 7/31 (23) Hospital 9/31 (29) |
ICU 13/30 (43) Hospital 14/30 (47) |
NR | NR | ICU 15.96 ± 7.6 Hospital 21.5 ± 13.5 |
ICU 15.88 ± 6.5 Hospital 26.6 ± 18.2 |
11.8 ± 10.6 | 10.7 ± 14.6 | NR | |
| Elamin et al. 2012[18] | 28-d 0/9 (0) |
28-d 1/8 (12.5) |
NR | NR | ICU 12.8 |
ICU 17.5 |
6.7 | 8.2 | MODS score at 7 d Lower in fish oil group (P < 0.06) MODS score at 28 d Lower in fish oil group (P < 0.05) |
|
| Parish et al. 2014[21] | 28-d 7/29 (26) |
28-d 9/29 (32) |
NR | NR | ICU 15 ± 3.5 |
ICU 15.6 ± 4.3 |
Ventilator-free days 6.6 ± 2 |
Ventilator-free days 6 ± 2.5 |
NR | |
| Kagan et al. 2015[17] | 28-d 8/62 (13) |
28-d 5/58 (8) |
VAP 25/62 (40) Wound infection 12/62 Bacteremia14/62 |
VAP 22/58 (38) Wound infection 10/58 Bacteremia 3/58 |
ICU 19.5 ± 15.3 Hospital 33.1 + 25.7 |
ICU 16.4 ± 11.3 Hospital 27.1 + 17.3 |
17 ± 15.1 | 13.6 ± 10.7 | New organ failure | |
| 31/62 | 23/58 | |||||||||
| Shirai et al. 2015[16] | 60-d 3/23 (13) |
60-d 3/23 (13) |
10/23 (44) | 12/23 (52) | ICU 17.6 ± 8.2 |
ICU 25.87 ± 12.5 |
13.6 ± 4.8 | 17.8 ± 8.6 | NR | |
ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; ICU, intensive care unit; MODS, multiorgan dysfunction syndrome; NR, not reported; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia.