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. 2023 Mar 15;62(4):55. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5503

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Effects of low-dose PDT on the migration, invasion and tubular formation of HU-231 cells. (A and B) Horizontal migratory ability of the cells in the control group, NC group, PDT group, Ad-ALK1 group and PDT + Ad-ALK1 group at 0, 24 and 48 h (scale bars, 200 µm). (C and D) Vertical migration of the cells in the control, NC, PDT, Ad-ALK1 and PDT + Ad-ALK1 groups (scale bars, 200 µm). (E and F): Vertical invasion of the cells in the control, NC, PDT, Ad-ALK1 and PDT + Ad-ALK1 groups (scale bars, 200 µm). (G-J) Ability of the cells to form tubes in the control, NC, PDT, Ad-ALK1 and PDT + Ad-ALK1 groups (scale bars, 200 µm). *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 and ****P<0.0001. NC, negative control; Ad, adenovirus; PDT, photodynamic therapy; ALK1, activin receptor-like kinase-1.