Table 1.
Baseline characteristics at Look AHEAD enrollment by baseline HbA1c categories***
| Baseline characteristic | Baseline HbA1c (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <7.0 (53 mmol/mol) (N = 1,944) | 7.0–7.9 (N = 1,310) | ≥8.0 (64 mmol/mol) (N = 915) | P value* | |
| Age, years (%) | ||||
| 45–54 (23.1) | 390 (20.1) | 288 (22.0) | 291 (31.8) | <0.001 |
| 55–64 (56.9) | 1,138 (58.5) | 737 (56.3) | 499 (54.5) | |
| 65–76 (19.8) | 416 (21.4) | 285 (21.8) | 125 (13.7) | |
| Sex (%) | ||||
| Female (59.1) | 1,131 (58.2) | 785 (59.9) | 549 (60.0) | 0.51 |
| Male (40.9) | 813 (41.8) | 525 (40.1) | 366 (40.0) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 (%) | ||||
| 25–29 (15.2) | 330 (17.0) | 183 (14.0) | 121 (13.2) | 0.01 |
| 30–39 (62.6) | 1,215 (62.5) | 824 (62.9) | 571 (62.4) | |
| ≥40 (22.2) | 399 (20.5) | 303 (23.1) | 223 (24.4) | |
| Diabetes duration, years (%) (missing = 27) | ||||
| 0–4 (46.6) | 1,149 (59.5) | 513 (39.5) | 267 (29.2) | <0.001 |
| ≥5 (53.4) | 782 (40.5) | 785 (60.5) | 646 (70.8) | |
| Diabetes medication (%) (missing = 41) | ||||
| Insulin (14.9) | 132 (6.9) | 225 (17.4) | 257 (28.2) | <0.001 |
| Metformin/no insulin (52.4) | 991 (51.5) | 704 (54.4) | 468 (51.4) | |
| Other medications/no insulin (18.8) | 403 (21.0) | 231 (17.8) | 144 (15.8) | |
| No medication (13.9) | 397 (20.6) | 135 (10.4) | 41 (4.5) | |
| History of CVD (%)** | ||||
| No (86.9) | 1,714 (88.2) | 1,123 (85.7) | 785 (85.8) | 0.07 |
| Yes (13.1) | 230 (11.8) | 187 (14.3) | 130 (14.2) | |
| Intervention group (%) | ||||
| DSE (49.3) | 947 (48.7) | 656 (50.1) | 453 (49.5) | 0.74 |
| ILI (50.7) | 997 (51.3) | 654 (49.9) | 462 (50.5) | |
| FI | 19.93 (0.15) | 20.82 (0.19) | 21.53 (0.22) | <0.001 |
Data are N (% of column) or mean (SE) unless otherwise indicated.
*
χ2 test or ANOVA.
**
History of cardiovascular disease: self-report of prior myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass, angioplasty/stent procedures, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, stable angina, or class I/II heart failure.
***
N = 5 participants included in our analysis files did not have records of a baseline HbA1c and did not contribute to this table.