Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients at first fracture, stratified by patients with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and without diabetes
| Type 1 diabetes | Type 2 diabetes | Without diabetes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n | 3,411 | 51,874 | 783,022 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 1,757 (51.5) | 20,337 (39.2) | 301,473 (38.5) |
| Female | 1,654 (48.5) | 31,537 (60.8) | 481,549 (61.5) |
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 52.9 (19.7) | 70.2 (14.0) | 57.2 (21.1) |
| Age-group, years | |||
| 18–29 | 545 (16.0) | 388 (0.8) | 105,327 (13.5) |
| 30–39 | 410 (12.0) | 1,086 (2.1) | 82,507 (10.5) |
| 40–49 | 503 (14.8) | 2,803 (5.4) | 94,630 (12.1) |
| 50–59 | 601 (17.6) | 7,036 (13.6) | 124,384 (15.9) |
| 60–69 | 551 (16.2) | 11,297 (21.8) | 120,438 (15.4) |
| 70–79 | 461 (13.5) | 14,445 (27.9) | 116,133 (14.8) |
| ≥80 | 340 (10.0) | 14,819 (28.6) | 139,603 (17.8) |
| Duration of diabetes diagnosis, years, mean (SD) | 9.5 (7.8) | 7.0 (8.3) | NA |
| Antidiabetes medications | |||
| Biguanides | NA | 16,505 (31.8) | 36 (0.0) |
| Sulfonylureas | NA | 12,993 (25.1) | 25 (0.0) |
| Thiazolidinediones | NA | 129 (0.3) | NA |
| DPP-4 inhibitors | NA | 1,088 (2.1) | NA |
| Insulins and analogs | 2,511 (73.6) | 13,540 (26.1) | 12 (0.0) |
| GLP-1 agonists | NA | 971 (1.9) | <5 (0.0) |
| SGLT2 inhibitors | NA | 221 (0.4) | NA |
Data are n (%) unless otherwise indicated. Medications were identified based on a billed prescription within the 90 days prior to the first fracture. DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (gliptins); GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide 1; NA, not applicable; SGLT2, sodium–glucose cotransporter 2.