Table 2.
lncRNAs targeting PTEN.
| LncRNA | Endogenous Sponge | Main function | Cell Type | Role exosomes | Interaction PTEN | Effect on angiogenesis | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PTENP1 | Yes | Binding miR-20a and thereby promoting PTEN | Cancer cell | ? | Promoting | Suppressed malignant behaviors like metastasis | [139,141] |
| APC-1 | No | Disrupting mRNA Rab5b stability and thereby reducing exosome production/release | Cancer cell | APC-1 affects the production/release? | No direct effect, possibly indirect by affecting exosome production | Suppressing | [149] |
| GAS5 | Yes | Binding miR-20a-3p and thereby promoting PTEN | Endothelial cell | Transport GAS5 from the cancer cells into the ECs | Promoting | Suppressing | [138] |
| H19 | Yes | Promotes angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironments and related with vascular repair | Endothelial cell | Transport H19 from the cancer cells into the ECs | Downregulation | Promoting | [[142], [143], [144],200] |
| POU3F3 | No? | Promotes angiogenesis after the exosomal transfer from the glioma cell into the endothelial cell. Downregulate GAS5 | Endothelial cell | Transport POU3F3 from the cancer cells into the ECs | ? | Promoting | [147,201] |
| MALAT1 | Yes | Therapeutic angiogenesis and metastasis | Coronary vessels | Transport MALAT1 which sponges miR-92a | ? | Promoting | [145,146,202] |