Distribution of As in watera, μg L−1.
| Location | Sample type (n) | Concentration | Sources | Source | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eastern plains of Zimbabwe | SW(20) | 1–96 | Abandoned mine dumps | Natural | 150 |
| Tarkwa, Ghana | GW(40) | <5.2–69.4 | Acid mine drainage | Natural | 144 |
| Kemerovo region, southwestern Siberia, Russia | POW | 1700 | Arsenopyrite leaching | Natural | 153 |
| Okavango Delta, Botswana | SW(9) | 1.1–3.1 | Arsenopyrite weathering | Natural | 149 |
| GW (25) | 1.8–116.6 | ||||
| Ogun state, Nigeria | GW (20) | 40–160 | Arsenopyrite weathering | Natural | 147 |
| Prestea, Ghana | SW(13) | 150–8250 (1568 ± 278) | Arsenopyrites | Natural | 166 |
| Paraiba do Sul delta, Brazil | GW | >50–163 | Authigenic sulfides | Anthropogenic | 156 |
| Korba, India | PW (26) | 8.0–30 (17.2 ± 2.1) | Coal burning | Anthropogenic, natural | 167 |
| Nile Delta, Egypt | SW | 1.2–18.2 | Fertilizers, detergents, herbicides | Anthropogenic | 142 |
| USA | GW(7000) | 10–50 | Igneous rocks | Natural | 168 |
| Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Romania | GW | 225/610/2000/13–200 | Igneous rocks | Natural | 151 |
| Raipur, India | SEW (7) | 26–51 (40 ± 7) | Industrial activities | Anthropogenic | 158 |
| Raipur, India | IWW (34) | 600–7800 (2900 ± 1400) | Industrial activities | Anthropogenic | 169 |
| Lomé coastal region, Togo | SW (23) | 3000–6460 | Industrial and sea waste | Anthropogenic | 164 |
| Greece, Europe | GW | 30–4500 | Mineral leaching | Natural | 151 |
| Koekemoerspruit, South Africa | SW (40) | 12.3–119 | Minerals | Natural | 145 |
| Upper Moulouya, Morocco | SW (14) | 50.08–199.6 | Minerals | Natural | 146 |
| Tarkwa, Ghana | SW (12) | 0.5–73 | Minerals | Natural | 143 |
| South Africa | GW (10) | 0.1–172.53 (32.21) | Minerals | Natural | 157 |
| Tarkwa, Ghana | GW (16) | <1–1760 | Mining activities | Natural | 152 |
| African continent | SW/GW | 10 000/1760 | Mining activities | Natural | 178 and 179 |
| River water, Peru | SW (151) | 0.1–93.1 (54.5) | Mining and agriculture activities | Anthropogenic, natural | 148 |
| Rift Valley, Ethiopia | SW(53) | <0.1–405 | Rhyolitic rock | Natural | 161 |
| Rift Valley, Ethiopia | SW(11) | 2.39–566 (165 ± 215) | Rhyolitic rock | Natural | 162 |
| GW (54) | 0.60–190 (22.4 ± 33.5) | ||||
| Rift Valley, Ethiopia | SW (05)/GW(25)/SPW(14) | 0.02–96/<0.1–278/<0.1–156 | Rock weathering | Natural | 163 |
| Uruguay | GW (46) | 1.72–120.5 | Rock weathering | Natural | 154 |
| Ambagrh Tehsil, India | FW (20) | 29–98 (58 ± 7) | Sulfide minerals | Natural | 159 |
| Ambagrh Tehsil, India | PW (24) | 10–53 (22 ± 5) | Sulfide minerals | Natural | 165 |
| Ambagrh Tehsil, India | GW (20) | 148–985 (506 ± 118) | Sulfide minerals | Natural | 160 |
| Okavango Delta Botswana | SW | <1 to 188 | Sulfide minerals | Natural | 155 |
| Yatenga and Zondoma provinces, Burkina Faso | GW(45) | <0.5–1630 | Sulfide minerals | Natural | 124 |
a
FW = field water, GW = groundwater, IWW = industrial wastewater, POW = pore water, PW = pond water, SEW = sewage water, SPW = spring water, SW = surface water.