Table 3.

Net Benefit (NB) Estimation for Each Strategy in the Multiple Sclerosis Example: “Treat None,”“Treat All Patients with Glatiramer Acetate,”“Treat All Patients with Dimethyl Fumarate,”“Treat All Patients with Natalizumab,” and “Treat Patients according to the Prediction Model”^a

Treat All with					Treat according to the Model
	Placebo (“Treat None”)	Glatiramer Acetate	Dimethyl Fumarate	Natalizumab	Placebo(“Treat None”)	Glatiramer Acetate	Dimethyl Fumarate	Natalizumab	Total
Treatment rate	0%	100%	100%	100%	4/652 = 0.6%	0/652 = 0%	418/652 = 64.1%	230/652 = 35.3%	100%
Risk ratio from congruent data set	—	0.68	0.59	0.52	—	—	$0.24$	$0.40$
Event rate	${\hat{\epsilon }}_0$ = 53%	${\hat{\epsilon }}_1=$ 36%	${\hat{\epsilon }}_2=$ 31%	${\hat{\epsilon }}_3=$ 28%	${\hat{\epsilon }}_{s,0}$ = 75%	—	${\hat{\epsilon }}_{s,2}$ = 18%	${\hat{\epsilon }}_{s,3}$ = 30%	${\hat{\epsilon }}_s=$ 23%
Decrease in event rate	0	17%	22%	25%	30%
Net strategy benefit	0	$N{B}_1=$ 0.07	$N{B}_2=$ 0.12	$N{B}_3=$ 0.05	$N{B}_{\mathrm{model}}=$ 0.17

^aThe threshold values used for the NB estimation are $T_{DF}=T_{GA}=10\%$ and $T_N=10\%$, respectively.