Table 1. Baseline characteristics of 693 PLWHA in Lusaka, Zambia, by alcohol use at baseline.
| Abstinent or moderate alcohol use (n = 413) | Unhealthy alcohol use (n = 280) | P* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | |||
| 18–29 | 110 (26.6) | 73 (26.1) | 0.05 |
| 30–39 | 176 (42.6) | 142 (50.7) | |
| 40 and above | 127 (30.8) | 65 (23.2) | |
| Sex | |||
| Men | 135 (32.7) | 179 (63.9) | <0.01 |
| Women | 278 (67.3) | 101 (36.1) | |
| Education level | 0.01 | ||
| None or primary | 320 (78.4) | 194 (69.8) | |
| At least secondary | 88 (21.6) | 84 (30.2) | |
| Marital status | |||
| Never married | 25 (6.1) | 33 (11.8) | 0.007 |
| Married or cohabiting | 258 (63.2) | 182 (65.2) | |
| Divorced or widowed | 125 (30.6) | 64 (22.9) | |
| WHO stage | 0.84 | ||
| 1 or 2 | 240 (58.4) | 159 (57.6) | |
| 3 or 4 | 171 (41.6) | 117 (42.4) | |
| HBV coinfection | |||
| No | 355 (86.0) | 214 (76.4) | 0.001 |
| Yes | 58 (14.0) | 66 (23.6) | |
| Cigarette smoking | |||
| No | 403 (97.6) | 214 (76.4) | <0.01 |
| Yes | 10 (2.4) | 66 (23.6) | |
| CD4+ count, cells/mm3 | 225 (122–338) | 241 (128–347) | 0.33 |
| Clinic | |||
| A | 261 (63.2) | 179 (63.9) | 0.84 |
| B | 152 (36.8) | 101 (36.1) |
All values are median (interquartile range) or number (%).
*Comparisons were by Chi square for categorical variables and Wilcoxon rank sum for CD4+ count.
Abbreviations: PLWHA, persons living with HIV; ART, antiretroviral therapy; WHO, World Health Organization; HBV, hepatitis B virus