Table 2. Factors associated with alcohol reduction after ART initiation among PLWHA with a history of unhealthy alcohol use (N = 280).

	Crude OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI) *
Age, years
18–29	Reference	Reference
30–39	0.43 (0.24–0.76)	0.49 (0.26–0.92)
40 and above	1.38 (0.70–2.72)	1.78 (0.86–3.70)
Male sex	0.34 (0.20–0.56)	0.41 (0.23–0.72)
At least secondary education	1.36 (0.81–2.27)
Marital status
Never married	Reference
Married or cohabiting	1.34 (0.62–2.89)
Divorced or widowed	1.64 (0.69–3.89)
WHO stage 3 or 4	1.01 (0.62–1.63)
HBV coinfection	0.73 (0.42–1.29)
Cigarette smoking	0.40 (0.22–0.73)	0.49 (0.25–0.96)
Baseline CD4+, per 50-cell increase	0.96 (0.88–1.04)
Clinic B	2.42 (1.47–4.00)	2.92 (1.69–5.04)

*Factors associated with outcome at P<0.2 during bivariable analysis were included in multivariable analysis. Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; WHO, World Health Organization; HBV, hepatitis B virus