Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Identities. 2022 Sep 1;28(4):544–569. doi: 10.1080/13504630.2022.2110464

Table 1.

Sample characteristics.

Frequency Percentage

Female 204 52.2%
Muslim 221 56.5%
Born Abroad 83 24.4%
Age
 Under 24 100 29.4%
 25–30 125 36.8%
 30+ 115 33.8%
Educational Attainment
 Less than Bachelor’s degree 116 34.0%
 Bachelor’s degree 154 44.6%
 Graduate degree 73 21.4%
Household Income
 Less than $35,000 91 26.4%
 $35,000 to $49,999 64 18.8%
 $50,000 to $74,999 89 25.8%
 Above $75,000 99 29.0%
Country
 Lebanon 47 14.2%
 Iran 38 11.5%
 Saudi Arabia 35 10.6%
 Egypt 35 10.6%
 Iraq 35 10.6%
 Jordan 19 5.8%
 Syria 19 5.8%
 Israel 18 5.5%
 Palestine 14 4.2%
 United Arab Emirates 11 3.3%
 Pakistan 11 3.3%
 Other Arab Nations 48 14.5%
 No specific country (e.g., Arab World) 25 7.6%

Note: All participants reported gender and religion. 19 participants reported being raised in households that practiced both Christianity and Islam. Some participants did not report birth country, education, income, and country; percentages in the table are of those who responded to that item. Participants could report identifying with multiple countries from the Middle East such that the total exceeds 100%.