Table 5. Australian Public Health Measures and Economy Costs by Stringency of Public Health Measures.

	Strict lockdowns	Moderate lockdowns	Low level restrictions	Baseline restrictions
Economy cost	AUD 3.2 billion/week	AUD 2.35 billion/week	AUD 0.65 billion/week	AUD 0.1 billion/week
Stay at home orders	• Stay-at-home except essential purposes	• Stay-at-home except for work, study and essential purposes	• No stay-at-home orders	• No stay-at-home orders
Density restrictions	• 4 sqm rule	• 2 sqm rule	• 2 sqm rule	• 2 sqm rule
Retail trade	• Non-essential retailers and venues closed to public • Take away and home delivery only	• Increased retail activity, subject to density restrictions • Seated dining for small groups at cafes/restaurants	• Social distancing rules apply • Larger groups allowed	• Social distancing rules apply
Work	• Only workplaces categorised as permitted work allowed to operate on-site and subject to restrictions	• Work from home, if possible, capacity limits and restrictions on office space apply	• Return to work, but social distancing and capacity restrictions on office space apply	• 1.5 sqm rule
Schools and childcare	• Closed, remote learning only	• Closed or graduated return	• Open	• Open
Capacity restrictions	• No gatherings, non-essential venues etc. closed	• Indoor venues closed • Capacity limits restricted to small groups outdoors	• Recreational activities allowed and venues open but social distancing and capacity limits apply	• Large sporting venues to operate at 70% capacity
Travel restrictions	• Essential movements only within 5 or 10 km radius • No intra- or inter-state travel	• Non-essential travel limited; no intra or inter-state travel	• No travel restrictions • Interstate travel allowed	• No travel restrictions • Interstate travel allowed
• Other	• Curfew • No household visitors and 2-person limit on exercise	• 5 visitors to household and limited outdoor gatherings e.g., 10 people	• Requirements for record-keeping, COVID-safe plans

Sources: Extracted from [8: Tables 4 and 5].