Table 1.
Complete study population characteristics
| Characteristics | Cohort (N = 218) |
|---|---|
| Age | 61.21 (13.12) |
| BMI | 33.59 (9.96) |
| Charlson comorbidity score | 2.79 (2.07) |
| Time before sample collection (d) | 5.88 (3.52) |
| Inpatient length of stay (d) | 11.48 (16.31) |
| Sex | |
| Female | 92 (42) |
| Male | 126 (58) |
| COVID-19 severity on day of sample collection (WHO score 4-7) | |
| 4: no supplemental oxygen | 52 (24) |
| 5: supplemental oxygen (<5 L/min) | 92 (42) |
| 6: high-flow nasal cannula (≥5 L/min) | 40 (18) |
| 7: invasive mechanical ventilation | 34 (16) |
| Race | |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 (0.5) |
| Asian | 5 (2.3) |
| Black or African American | 79 (36) |
| Hispanic or Latino | 4 (1.8) |
| Multiple | 1 (0.5) |
| White | 123 (56) |
| Decline/refuse to disclose | 4 (1.8) |
| Other | 1 (0.5) |
| Medical history before COVID-19 admission | |
| Myocardial infarction | 69 (32) |
| Congestive heart failure | 71 (33) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 52 (24) |
| Cerebral vascular disease | 39 (18) |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 71 (33) |
| Diabetes without complications | 75 (34) |
| Diabetes with complications | 53 (24) |
| Renal disease | 60 (28) |
| Cancer | 25 (11) |
| Liver disease | 8 (3.7) |
| HIV/AIDS | 5 (2.3) |
| Vaccination status before sample collection | |
| 1 dose | 1 (<1) |
| 2 doses | 0 (0) |
Mean (standard deviation) for continuous variables age and BMI and for Charlson comorbidity score, time before sample collection, and inpatient length of stay; and N (%) for categorical variables.
All patient data was accounted for except for BMI for 1 patient. COVID-19 severity score assessed using the WHO scale.
Charlson comorbidity scores were calculated based on medical history before each patient's COVID-19 admission.
BMI, body mass index.