Table 3.
Random effects models of associations between work location and emotions for LGBTQ and non-LGBTQ workers (N = 7650).
| Stressed |
Tired |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 A | Model 1 B | Model 1C | Model 2 A | Model 2 B | Model 2C | |
| LGBTQ (ref. non-LGBTQ) | 0.368** | 0.249* | 0.240* | 0.520*** | 0.414*** | 0.412*** |
| (0.116) | (0.110) | (0.110) | (0.118) | (0.118) | (0.118) | |
| Work from home (ref. work at workplace) | −0.395*** | −0.297** | −0.300** | −0.106 | 0.307** | 0.306** |
| (0.065) | (0.093) | (0.093) | (0.070) | (0.111) | (0.111) | |
| LGBTQ x Work from home | −0.329* | −0.215+ | −0.214+ | −0.407** | −0.308* | −0.308* |
| (0.128) | (0.121) | (0.121) | (0.131) | (0.131) | (0.132) | |
| Interview wave (ref. wave 2) | ||||||
| Wave 3 | −0.002 | −0.020 | 0.001 | 0.010 | −0.050 | −0.020 |
| (0.063) | (0.063) | (0.064) | (0.065) | (0.064) | (0.064) | |
| Wave 4 | −0.006 | −0.003 | 0.009 | 0.065 | 0.006 | 0.022 |
| (0.055) | (0.055) | (0.056) | (0.058) | (0.059) | (0.059) | |
| Age | 0.050** | 0.006 | 0.005 | 0.043* | 0.041+ | 0.034 |
| (0.019) | (0.020) | (0.020) | (0.020) | (0.021) | (0.022) | |
| Age-squared | −0.001*** | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001** | −0.001** | −0.001* |
| (<0.001) | (<0.001) | (<0.001) | (<0.001) | (<0.001) | (<0.001) | |
| Gender (ref. men) | ||||||
| Women | −0.012 | 0.008 | 0.006 | 0.222*** | 0.213*** | 0.204*** |
| (0.056) | (0.056) | (0.057) | (0.057) | (0.058) | (0.058) | |
| Othera | 0.298 | 0.300 | 0.286 | 0.173 | 0.110 | 0.092 |
| (0.196) | (0.190) | (0.191) | (0.213) | (0.211) | (0.212) | |
| Race/ethnicity (ref. White) | ||||||
| Latinx/Hispanic | −0.310* | −0.344** | −0.361** | −0.008 | −0.056 | −0.069 |
| (0.121) | (0.112) | (0.113) | (0.121) | (0.116) | (0.116) | |
| Black/African American | 0.039 | 0.086 | 0.077 | 0.055 | 0.051 | 0.038 |
| (0.096) | (0.093) | (0.094) | (0.095) | (0.095) | (0.097) | |
| Asian | 0.216+ | 0.154 | 0.154 | 0.217* | 0.235* | 0.253* |
| (0.111) | (0.107) | (0.109) | (0.108) | (0.105) | (0.107) | |
| Multiracial/otherb | −0.040 | −0.087 | −0.096 | 0.007 | −0.029 | −0.037 |
| (0.096) | (0.093) | (0.093) | (0.102) | (0.100) | (0.100) | |
| Duration of each work episode | 0.002*** | 0.002*** | <0.001* | <0.001* | ||
| (<0.001) | (<0.001) | (<0.001) | (<0.001) | |||
| Total work time on the diary day | <0.001+ | <0.001+ | 0.001*** | 0.001*** | ||
| (<0.001) | (<0.001) | (<0.001) | (<0.001) | |||
| Work from home over 50% of time (ref. no) | 0.152 | 0.150 | −0.467*** | −0.468*** | ||
| (0.094) | (0.094) | (0.106) | (0.106) | |||
| During-COVID employment (ref. full-time) | ||||||
| Part-time | 0.022 | 0.008 | −0.032 | −0.042 | ||
| (0.106) | (0.106) | (0.110) | (0.110) | |||
| Self-employed | −0.106 | −0.109 | −0.169 | −0.170 | ||
| (0.121) | (0.120) | (0.133) | (0.133) | |||
| Not employed | −0.099 | −0.111 | −0.128 | −0.139 | ||
| (0.112) | (0.112) | (0.109) | (0.109) | |||
| Pre-COVID employment (ref. full-time) | ||||||
| Part-time | 0.184+ | 0.181+ | 0.234* | 0.241* | ||
| (0.104) | (0.104) | (0.105) | (0.106) | |||
| Self-employed | 0.135 | 0.138 | 0.261+ | 0.271+ | ||
| (0.130) | (0.129) | (0.141) | (0.140) | |||
| Not employed | 0.007 | 0.005 | 0.117 | 0.129 | ||
| (0.163) | (0.164) | (0.180) | (0.180) | |||
| Pre-COVID co-worker interaction exhaustion (ref. never) | ||||||
| Rarely | 0.296** | 0.293** | 0.291** | 0.291** | ||
| (0.100) | (0.100) | (0.106) | (0.106) | |||
| Sometimes | 0.715*** | 0.709*** | 0.662*** | 0.663*** | ||
| (0.098) | (0.098) | (0.102) | (0.103) | |||
| Often | 0.854*** | 0.853*** | 0.881*** | 0.886*** | ||
| (0.112) | (0.112) | (0.120) | (0.120) | |||
| Always | 1.071*** | 1.067*** | 1.234*** | 1.238*** | ||
| (0.164) | (0.164) | (0.161) | (0.161) | |||
| Not applicable | 0.458** | 0.444** | 0.631*** | 0.620*** | ||
| (0.141) | (0.141) | (0.148) | (0.148) | |||
| College degree (ref. no) | 0.083*** | 0.086*** | −0.004 | −0.003 | ||
| (0.022) | (0.022) | (0.023) | (0.023) | |||
| Currently enrolled in school (ref. no) | 0.060 | 0.058 | 0.173* | 0.169* | ||
| (0.069) | (0.069) | (0.075) | (0.075) | |||
| Household income (ref. lower than 20k) | ||||||
| 20k-60k | −0.014 | −0.024 | 0.034 | 0.023 | ||
| (0.095) | (0.095) | (0.098) | (0.099) | |||
| 60k-100k | −0.099 | −0.119 | −0.068 | −0.091 | ||
| (0.103) | (0.104) | (0.106) | (0.107) | |||
| Higher than 100k | −0.193+ | −0.212+ | −0.175 | −0.197+ | ||
| (0.108) | (0.110) | (0.113) | (0.115) | |||
| Household income change (ref. decreased) | ||||||
| Stayed the same | −0.221*** | −0.212*** | −0.158** | −0.148* | ||
| (0.063) | (0.063) | (0.061) | (0.061) | |||
| Increased | −0.180* | −0.171* | −0.219* | −0.213* | ||
| (0.086) | (0.087) | (0.087) | (0.088) | |||
| Home Ownership (ref. own with mortgage) | ||||||
| Own in full | 0.047 | 0.040 | 0.157+ | 0.153+ | ||
| (0.085) | (0.086) | (0.084) | (0.084) | |||
| Rented or occupied | 0.069 | 0.078 | 0.024 | 0.029 | ||
| (0.061) | (0.063) | (0.062) | (0.064) | |||
| Not married (ref. married) | 0.142+ | 0.194* | ||||
| (0.083) | (0.084) | |||||
| Live with spouse/partner (ref. no) | −0.088* | −0.109** | ||||
| (0.042) | (0.039) | |||||
| Live with parents/siblings (ref. no) | 0.128+ | 0.077 | ||||
| (0.075) | (0.074) | |||||
| Live with friends/roommates/others (ref. no) | 0.086 | −0.009 | ||||
| (0.083) | (0.088) | |||||
| Number of household children | 0.035 | 0.057+ | ||||
| (0.033) | (0.033) | |||||
| Constant | 2.498*** | 1.938*** | 1.824*** | 2.927*** | 1.990*** | 1.957*** |
| (0.352) | (0.426) | (0.458) | (0.361) | (0.448) | (0.491) | |
Notes: Results present coefficients from random effects models. Standard errors in parentheses. Coefficients for occupation were omitted to conserve space. + p < 0.1, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
a
Other includes non-binary, transgender, agender, gender non-conforming, or another gender.
b
Other includes American Indian or Alaska Native, Middle Eastern or North African, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, and another race/ethnicity.