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. 2023 Jan 9;32(1):18–36. doi: 10.1044/2022_AJSLP-22-00142

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Sample linear predictive coding (LPC) spectrum showing oral and pharyngeal cavity during production of /i/ (“ee”). We have labeled F3 for clarity; however, the locations of F1 and F2 are typically sufficient for identifying vowels.