Table 2.
Sex- and Race-Stratified Associations of DXA and QCT-derived BMD Measures and Incident HF in Health ABC
| Women | Men | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | White | n | Black | n | White | n | Black | |
| Cumulative HF Incidence, n (%) | 146 (18.4) | 133 (19.8) | 193 (22.4) | 111 (21.9) | ||||
| HR* (95% CI) p | HR* (95% CI) p | HR* (95% CI) p | HR* (95% CI) p | |||||
| Total Hip BMD (Area) | ||||||||
| Age-adjusted model | 795 | 0.96 (0.81–1.14) 0.622 | 671 | 1.24 (1.04–1.48) 0.019 | 861 | 1.05 (0.91–1.22) 0.488 | 508 | 0.85 (0.70–1.03) 0.095 |
| Fully adjusted model† | 739 | 0.87 (0.71–1.05) 0.143 | 608 | 1.80 (1.40–2.31) <0.001 | 799 | 1.10 (0.93–1.31) 0.251 | 469 | 0.80 (0.63–1.01) 0.061 |
| Femoral Neck BMD (Area) | ||||||||
| Age-adjusted model | 795 | 0.95 (0.81–1.12) 0.54 | 671 | 1.18 (0.98–1.41) 0.076 | 861 | 1.02 (0.88–1.18) 0.786 | 508 | 0.94 (0.78–1.14) 0.531 |
| Fully adjusted model† | 739 | 0.87 (0.73–1.05) 0.14 | 608 | 1.50 (1.18–1.91) <0.001 | 799 | 1.07 (0.91–1.27) 0.399 | 469 | 0.83 (0.66–1.04) 0.102 |
| Trabecular BMD (Volume) | ||||||||
| Age-adjusted model | 352 | 0.88 (0.70–1.10) 0.251 | 349 | 1.16 (0.90–1.51) 0.261 | 415 | 1.13 (0.91–1.40) 0.254 | 249 | 1.03 (0.80–1.32) 0.829 |
| Fully adjusted model† | 338 | 0.89 (0.71–1.12) 0.319 | 324 | 1.45 (1.07–1.96) 0.016 | 398 | 1.18 (0.94–1.47) 0.151 | 234 | 0.92 (0.70–1.22) 0.575 |
BMD, bone mineral density; CI, confidence interval; DXA, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; HF, heart failure; HR, hazard ratio; QCT, quantitative computed tomography;
*
Per standard deviation decrement of BMD
†
Adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking status, heavy alcohol use, physical activity, estrogen use, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication use, diabetes, prevalent coronary heart disease, prevalent stroke and transient ischemic attack, prevalent peripheral artery disease, prevalent atrial fibrillation, forced expiratory ventilation in 1 second, and estimated glomerular filtrate rate.