Table 3.

Mean Understanding of Health Effects of Cigarette Smoking Pre- and Post-Format Exposure, by Age Group (N = 4228 total participants; N = 2904 adults, N = 1324 youth).

Format		Pre-exposure		Post-exposure		Difference (post – Pre)		p-value
	Age group	Mean	95% CI	Mean	95% CI	Mean	95% CI
1 Bar	Overall	5.11	4.96, 5.25	6.23	6.12, 6.35	1.12	0.99, 1.25	<0.001
	Adult	4.96	4.78, 5.13	6.07	5.93, 6.20	1.11	0.95, 1.27	<0.001
	Youth	5.44	5.18, 5.69	6.59	6.39, 6.79	1.15	0.92, 1.39	<0.001
2 Spaghetti	Overall	5.20	5.06, 5.34	6.21	6.10, 6.33	1.01	0.89, 1.14	<0.001
	Adult	5.04	4.88, 5.21	6.09	5.95, 6.23	1.05	0.90, 1.20	<0.001
	Youth	5.55	5.30, 5.80	6.49	6.28, 6.70	0.94	0.71, 1.16	<0.001
3 Smoke	Overall	5.24	5.11, 5.37	6.37	6.27, 6.47	1.13	1.01, 1.24	<0.001
	Adult	5.16	5.00, 5.32	6.24	6.12, 6.36	1.09	0.94, 1.23	<0.001
	Youth	5.43	5.19, 5.67	6.65	6.45, 6.83	1.22	1.00, 1.43	<0.001
4 Table	Overall	5.28	5.14, 5.41	6.10	5.98, 6.22	0.82	0.71, 0.93	<0.001
	Adult	5.15	4.99, 5.31	5.95	5.80, 6.09	0.79	0.65, 0.93	<0.001
	Youth	5.53	5.30, 5.77	6.41	6.20, 6.62	0.87	0.68, 1.07	<0.001
5 Infographic	Overall	5.32	5.18, 5.45	6.20	6.08, 6.32	0.88	0.76, 1.00	<0.001
	Adult	5.24	5.08, 5.40	6.11	5.97, 6.25	0.87	0.72, 1.01	<0.001
	Youth	5.49	5.25, 5.73	6.40	6.19, 6.61	0.91	0.69, 1.13	<0.001
6 Wildcard	Overall	5.20	5.06, 5.33	6.39	6.29, 6.49	1.19	1.07, 1.32	<0.001
	Adult	5.16	5.00, 5.32	6.32	6.19, 6.44	1.16	1.01, 1.31	<0.001
	Youth	5.28	5.04, 5.52	6.56	6.37, 6.74	1.28	1.06, 1.50	<0.001

Notes: Assessed using a summative scale with a range of 0–7; CI = confidence interval.