TABLE 1:
Study Site Emergency Department Descriptions of HIV and HCV Testing Activity
| Site 11 | Site 21 | Site 31 | Site 41 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Annual ED Patient Encounters | 65,613 | 76,639 | 71, 827 | 62,232 |
| HIV Program2 (months)3 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Funded Effort4 | ||||
| Laboratory | ||||
| Assay type | Rapid Architect or Oraquick5 | Rapid Architect5 | Rapid Architect or Oraquick5 | Oraquick5 |
| Sample type | blood | blood | blood | blood |
| Lab processed | X | X | X | X |
| Bedside/point-of-care | X | X | ||
| Testing Processes | ||||
| Clinician-directed | X | X | X | |
| Nurse-directed/standing protocol | X | X | X | X |
| External/parallel staff | X | X | X | |
| EHR prompted | X | X | X | |
| Patient Selection Criteria6 | ||||
| Non-targeted screening | X | X | X | |
| Risk-targeted screening | X | X | X | |
| Diagnostic testing | X | X | X | X |
| HIV Tests (n,%)7 | 10,500 (16.0) | 7899 (10.3) | 4,448 (6.2) | 811 (1.3) |
| HCV Program (months)2 | 12 | 2 | 12 | 2 |
| Funded Effort4 | X | X | X | X |
| Laboratory | ||||
| Assay type | Rapid Architect or Oraquick5 | Rapid Architect5 | Rapid Architect or Oraquick5 | Oraquick5 |
| Sample type | blood | blood | blood | blood |
| Lab processed | X | X | X | X |
| Bedside/point-of-care | X | X | ||
| Testing Processes | ||||
| Provider-directed | X | X | ||
| Nurse-directed/standing protocol | X | X | X | |
| External/parallel staff | X | X | X | |
| EHR prompted | X | X | X | |
| Patient Selection Strategies6 | ||||
| Non-targeted screening | X | X | X | |
| Risk-targeted screening | X | X | X | |
| Diagnostic testing | X | X | X | X |
| HCV Tests (n,%)7 | 6,549 (10.0) | 3,621 (4.3) | 2996 (4.2) | 735 (1.2) |
Data estimated or where necessary extrapolated from available electronic health records.
Refers to structured screening program (i.e., intention, promotion, and monitoring beyond individual clinician action)
Number of months during enrollment in parent study that ED HIV or HCV screening was implemented.
Budgeted monetary support outside of usual healthcare financing, from either internal or external source (e.g. specific hospital subsidy, grant funding, etc.)
ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo and HCV Ag assay, Abbott; OraQuick® HIV test and HCV test, Orasure Technologies
Non-targeted screening considers all eligible without respect to behavioral risk, risk-targeted screening bases eligibility on established risk, and diagnostic testing is for individuals with signs or symptoms of illness
The proportion of unique ED patients with a lifetime or past year ED screening was not calculated but is greater than the proportion of ED encounters during which a test is performed (as shown here), unless repeat testing of the same individuals is more frequent than repeat ED utilization.