TABLE 2:
Emergency Department Patients with Opioid Use Disorder, Overall and by ED Screening for HIV and HCV
| Patient Characteristics1 | HIV Status Negative/Unknown2 (n= 375) |
HCV Status Negative/Unknown2 (n= 231) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No ED HIV Test (n = 316) |
ED HIV Test (n = 59) |
No ED HCV Test (n = 209) |
ED HCV Test (n = 22) |
|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age – mean (SD), years | 38.8 (11.6) | 37.2 (11.7) | 38.7 (11.6) | 34.4 (10.5) |
| Male– n (%) | 221/316 (69.9) | 39/59 (66.1) | 146/209 (69.9) | 17/22 (77.3) |
| Race/Ethnicity – n (%) | ||||
| Hispanic/Latino | 40/313 (12.8) | 7/59 (11.9) | 31/208 (14.9) | 0/22 (0.0) |
| Black/African American | 88/316 (27.8) | 20/59 (33.9) | 81/209 (38.8) | 11/22 (50.0) |
| White/Caucasian | 177/316 (56.0) | 31/59 (52.5) | 97/209 (46.4) | 10/22 (45.5) |
| Education ≥ 12 years– n (%) | 214/316 (67.7) | 37/59 (62.7) | 143/209 (68.4) | 13/22 (59.1) |
| Unstable Housing past 12 months – n (%) | 175/316 (55.4) | 35/59 (59.3) | 110/209 (52.6) | 12/22 (54.5) |
| Prior Incarceration past 12 months – n (%) | 105/315 (33.3) | 23/59 (39.0) | 57/208 (27.4) | 7/22 (31.8) |
| Access to Medical Care – n (%) | ||||
| Health Insurance – n (%) | 277/316 (87.7) | 50/59 (84.7) | 182/209 (87.1) | 17/22 (77.3) |
| Usual Provider for Medical Care– n (%) | 118/315 (37.5) | 16/59 (27.1) | 83/208 (39.9) | 5/22 (22.7) |
| Came seeking addiction treatment – n (%) | 50/316 (15.8) | 9/59 (15.3) | 42/209 (20.1) | 4/22 (18.2) |
| Current Substance Use – n (%) | ||||
| Opioid Use Disorder Severity Level | ||||
| Moderate | 45/316 (14.2) | 6/59 (10.2) | 39/209 (18.7) | 2/22 (9.1) |
| Severe | 271/316 (85.8) | 53/59 (89.8) | 170/209 (81.3) | 20/22 (90.9) |
| Tobacco | 290/316 (91.8) | 52/59 (88.1) | 187/209 (89.5) | 21/22 (95.5) |
| Alcohol | 125/316 (39.6) | 27/59 (45.8) | 96/209 (45.9) | 9/22 (40.9) |
| tried and failed to curb use | 67/125 (53.5) | 12/27 (44.4) | 51/96 (53.1) | 3/9 (33.3) |
| Cannabis | 176/316 (55.7) | 33/59 (55.9) | 116/209 (55.5) | 14/22 (63.6) |
| strong desire to use | 96/176 (54.5) | 17/33 (51.5) | 72/116 (62.1) | 10/14 (71.4) |
| Stimulants | 221/316 (69.9) | 41/59 (69.5) | 135/209 (64.6) | 14/22 (63.6) |
| use more than once per week | 174/221 (78.7) | 28/41 (68.3) | 105/135 (77.8) | 11/14 (78.6) |
| Sedatives | 67/316 (21.2) | 12/59 (20.3) | 45/209 (21.5) | 3/22 (13.6) |
| strong desire to use | 34/67 (50.7) | 8/12 (66.7) | 26/45 (57.8) | 2/3 (66.7) |
| Mental Health – n (%) | ||||
| Lifetime history outpatient or inpatient treatment | 171/314 (54.5) | 33/59 (55.9) | 115/208 (55.3) | 10/22 (45.5) |
| HIV/Sexual Risk– n (%) | ||||
| HIV Risk-Taking Behavior Score | ||||
| Drug use score– mean (SD) | 6.2 (7.2) | 7.1 (8.5) | 4.4 (6.5) | 5.3 (7.9) |
| Sex score– mean (SD) | 4.6 (4.6) | 5.2 (4.9) | 4.8 (4.9) | 4.4 (3.7) |
| More than one sex partner in past month | 62/315 (19.7) | 12/59 (20.3) | 46/208 (22.1) | 4/22 (18.2) |
| Injection Drug Use in past month | 185/315 (58.7) | 33/59 (55.9) | 89/208 (42.8) | 9/22 (40.9) |
| Used needle after someone else | 50/185 (27.0) | 15/33 (45.5) | 23/89 (25.8) | 5/9 (55.6) |
1
Proportion denominators indicate patients with available data; some indicate subgroups for whom presented data is relevant
2
Cohorts defined by self-reported of negative or unknown HIV or HCV status without other information available to confirm; a given individual may be represented in either the HIV columns, HCV columns, or both as the cohorts partially overlap