Fig. 5.

Effects of AA on learning and memory in y-maze and novel object recognition tests: The dose-dependent impact of AA was examined on the learning and memory of rats (n = 8) by testing for 5 min in y-maze and novel object recognition tests. The outcomes were estimated by observing the(a) spontaneous alteration, (b) time spent with a novel object and (c) discrimination index. On experiment day, the animals were administered with AA 60 min before followed by administration of scopolamine 30 min before experiment. ^#P < 0.05, *P < 0.05, ^bP < 0.05 and ^cP < 0.05 were considered as significant for control, piracetam, AA 100 and AA 200 compared to scopolamine-treated amnesic rats, respectively.