TABLE 2.
Echocardiographic findings of participants with ultrasonography for carotid intima‐media thickness
| cIMT <0.8 mm (N = 1420) | cIMT ≥0.8 mm (N = 402) | p‐value | p‐value a | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aortic valve open (mm), PLAX | 19.83 ± 2.30 | 20.08 ± 1.98 | .04 | .12 |
| Aortic root dimension (mm), PLAX | 29.64 ± 3.31 | 29.80 ± 3.07 | .37 | .11 |
| LV mass (g), PLAX | 144.53 ± 34.28 | 140.97 ± 31.85 | .06 | .06 |
| LV mass index (g/m2.7), PLAX | 78.60 ± 15.30 | 76.34 ± 13.26 | .007 | .02 |
| LV posterior wall (mm), PLAX | 8.47 ± 1.08 | 8.37 ± 1.02 | .09 | .21 |
| LV internal dimension in diastole (mm), PLAX | 48.74 ± 3.76 | 48.52 ± 3.62 | .29 | .22 |
| LV internal dimension in systole (mm), PLAX | 30.51 ± 3.41 | 30.51 ± 3.54 | .99 | .37 |
| Interventricular septum, (mm), PLAX | 8.69 ± 1.19 | 8.58 ± 1.12 | .10 | .18 |
| RV wall thickness (mm), PLAX | 4.63 ± 0.60 | 4.62 ± 0.57 | .93 | .98 |
| RV outflow tract dimension in diastole (mm), PLAX | 26.35 ± 4.13 | 26.38 ± 4.06 | .88 | .56 |
| Left atrial dimension (mm), PLAX | 32.71 ± 4.08 | 32.56 ± 3.97 | .49 | .23 |
| LV hypertrophy | 101 (7.1) | 14 (3.5) | .008 | |
| RV hypertrophy | 102 (7.2) | 24 (6.0) | .39 | |
| LV ejection fraction (%), PLAX | 62.02 ± 4.97 | 61.89 ± 4.76 | .63 | .72 |
| Aortic regurgitation ≥ mild grade | 23 (1.6) | 13 (3.2) | .04 | |
| Mitral regurgitation ≥ mild grade | 1103 (77.7) | 336 (83.6) | .01 | |
| Pulmonary regurgitation ≥ mild grade | 973 (68.5) | 269 (66.9) | .54 | |
| Tricuspid regurgitation ≥ mild grade | 1170 (82.4) | 350 (87.1) | .02 | |
| RV systolic pressure (mmHg) | 27.85 ± 4.30 | 27.97 ± 4.05 | .61 | .76 |
| Peak E velocity (cm/s) | 87.36 ± 27.54 | 87.59 ± 15.45 | .87 | .61 |
| Peak A velocity (cm/s) | 49.56 ± 10.68 | 51.49 ± 27.33 | .03 | .03 |
| E/A ratio | 1.85 ± 0.91 | 1.86 ± 1.06 | .86 | .87 |
| Peak E′ velocity (cm/s) | 17.35 ± 6.69 | 17.75 ± 5.64 | .27 | .54 |
| Peal A′ velocity (cm/s) | 8.63 ± 4.12 | 8.51 ± 2.21 | .58 | .50 |
| E′/A′ ratio | 2.18 ± 1.00 | 2.23 ± 0.88 | .38 | .57 |
| LV diastolic dysfunction | 45 (3.2) | 16 (4.0) | .43 | |
| E/A < 0.8 | 11 (0.8) | 5 (1.2) | .37 | |
| E′ < 10 cm/s | 38 (2.7) | 13 (3.2) | .56 | |
| E/E′ > 14 | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.2) | .34 |
Note: Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and categorical variables as numbers (%).
Abbreviations: LV, left ventricle; PLAX, parasternal long axis window; RV, right ventricle.
a
ANCOVA for continuous variables with adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, mean blood pressure, and time for a 3000‐m run.