Table 5.
Detecting interactions between race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status moderators on trajectory membership (N = 13,120).
| Trajectory comparison | Model 1: Education as moderator |
Model 2: Wealth as moderator |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Log coeff. | OR (95% CI) | p-value | Log coeff. | OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| High versus Low | ||||||
| Age | 0.190 | 1.209 (1.144, 1.278) | .000 | 0.180 | 1.197 (1.135, 1.262) | .000 |
| Female | 0.324 | 1.382 (1.069, 1.788) | .014 | 0.314 | 1.368 (1.054, 1.776) | .018 |
| US born | 0.378 | 1.460 (0.911, 2.339) | .116 | 0.398 | 1.489 (0.872, 2.543) | .145 |
| Physical activity | -1.140 | 0.320 (0.243, 0.420) | .000 | -1.147 | 0.318 (0.243, 0.415) | .000 |
| Drinks per week | -0.035 | 0.966 (0.939, 0.994) | .016 | -0.033 | 0.968 (0.943, 0.993) | .014 |
| Current smoker | 0.547 | 1.727 (1.100, 2.713) | .018 | 0.480 | 1.615 (1.041, 2.506) | .032 |
| NH Black | 0.653 | 1.921 (1.260, 2.927) | .002 | -1.626 | 0.197 (0.042, 0.914) | .038 |
| Hispanic | -0.426 | 0.653 (0.353, 1.210) | .176 | -1.332 | 0.264 (0.091, 0.764) | .014 |
| Education | -0.265 | 0.767 (0.712, 0.826) | .000 | -0.227 | 0.797 (0.745, 0.852) | .000 |
| Wealth | -0.166 | 0.847 (0.658, 1.091) | .200 | -0.213 | 0.809 (0.692, 0.944) | .007 |
| BMI | 0.284 | 1.328 (1.223, 1.442) | .000 | 0.268 | 1.308 (1.204, 1.420) | .000 |
| NH Black*Education | -0.103 | 0.902 (0.792, 1.027) | .118 | – | – | – |
| Hispanic*Education | 0.137 | 1.147 (1.025, 1.284) | .017 | – | – | – |
| NH Black*Wealth | – | – | – | -0.765 | 0.465 (0.287, 0.754) | .002 |
| Hispanic*Wealth | – | – | – | -0.185 | 0.831 (0.572, 1.207) | .330 |
| Increasing versus Low | ||||||
| Age | 0.158 | 1.171 (1.117, 1.228) | .000 | 0.150 | 1.162 (1.113, 1.213) | .000 |
| Female | 0.069 | 1.071 (0.891, 1.287) | .464 | 0.070 | 1.072 (0.893, 1.288) | .455 |
| US born | 0.369 | 1.446 (1.078, 1.938) | .014 | 0.451 | 1.571 (1.164, 2.119) | .003 |
| BMI | 0.216 | 1.242 (1.158, 1.331) | .000 | 0.206 | 1.229 (1.150, 1.313) | .000 |
| Physical activity | -0.424 | 0.655 (0.548, 0.782) | .000 | -0.423 | 0.655 (0.554, 0.774) | .000 |
| Drinks per week | -0.012 | 0.988 (0.967, 1.010) | .286 | -0.013 | 0.987 (0.968, 1.007) | .202 |
| Current smoker | 0.547 | 1.728 (1.142, 2.615) | .010 | 0.489 | 1.631 (1.096, 2.427) | .016 |
| Former smoker | 0.507 | 1.660 (1.254, 2.198) | .000 | 0.519 | 1.681 (1.300, 2.173) | .000 |
| NH Black | 0.470 | 1.599 (1.075, 2.381) | .021 | 0.054 | 1.055 (0.293, 3.800) | .935 |
| Hispanic | 0.204 | 1.226 (0.739, 2.035) | .431 | -1.243 | 0.288 (0.125, 0.664) | .003 |
| Education | -0.156 | 0.856 (0.806, 0.909) | .000 | -0.124 | 0.883 (0.837, 0.931) | .000 |
| Wealth | -0.014 | 0.986 (0.970, 1.001) | .073 | -0.014 | 0.986 (0.972, 1.001) | .061 |
| NH Black*Education | -0.093 | 0.911 (0.799, 1.038) | .161 | – | – | – |
| Hispanic*Education | 0.121 | 1.128 (1.000, 1.273) | .050 | – | – | – |
| NH Black*Wealth | – | – | – | -0.166 | 0.847 (0.562, 1.277) | .429 |
| Hispanic*Wealth | – | – | – | -0.438 | 0.646 (0.467, 0.892) | .008 |
| High versus Increasing | ||||||
| Age | 0.032 | 1.033 (1.018, 1.048) | .000 | 0.030 | 1.030 (1.014, 1.046) | .000 |
| Female | 0.255 | 1.291 (1.065, 1.565) | .009 | 0.244 | 1.276 (1.044, 1.559) | .017 |
| US born | 0.010 | 1.010 (0.652, 1.565) | .965 | -0.053 | 0.948 (0.598, 1.505) | .821 |
| BMI | 0.067 | 1.070 (1.045, 1.094) | .000 | 0.062 | 1.064 (1.039, 1.090) | .000 |
| Physical activity | -0.717 | 0.488 (0.390, 0.612) | .000 | -0.723 | 0.485 (0.387, 0.608) | .000 |
| Drinks per week | -0.023 | 0.977 (0.955, 1.000) | .053 | -0.020 | 0.980 (0.958, 1.003) | .092 |
| Current smoker | 0.000 | 1.000 (0.716, 1.397) | .999 | -0.009 | 0.991 (0.731, 1.342) | .952 |
| Former smoker | 0.458 | 1.581 (1.311, 1.907) | .000 | 0.442 | 1.555 (1.281, 1.889) | .000 |
| NH Black | 0.183 | 1.201 (0.885, 1.630) | .240 | -1.679 | 0.187 (0.038, 0.924) | .040 |
| Hispanic | -0.629 | 0.533 (0.320, 0.888) | .016 | -0.089 | 0.915 (0.527, 1.591) | .754 |
| Education | -0.110 | 0.896 (0.858, 0.936) | .000 | -0.103 | 0.902 (0.875, 0.930) | .000 |
| Wealth | -0.151 | 0.859 (0.668, 1.106) | .239 | -0.199 | 0.820 (0.703, 0.956) | .011 |
| NH Black*Education | -0.010 | 0.990 (0.935, 1.049) | .735 | – | – | – |
| Hispanic*Education | 0.017 | 1.017 (0.925, 1.118) | .729 | – | – | – |
| NH Black*Wealth | – | – | – | -0.599 | 0.549 (0.325, 0.928) | .025 |
| Hispanic*Wealth | – | – | – | 0.252 | 1.287 (1.050, 1.578) | .015 |
Note. Log coeff. – Logistic coefficient, Low – Low trajectory, Increasing – Increasing trajectory, High – High trajectory, NH – Non-Hispanic. NH White is the referent group for the racial/ethnic group comparisons while nonsmoking status is the referent group for the smoking status variables. Each predictor/covariate was grand mean-centered except for nativity, physical activity, dummy variables for race/ethnicity, and sex, smoking variables to aid in interpretation. All estimates are unstandardized. All covariates were included in this model, but only the effects of the primary study variables are presented here for clarity. Significant interactions are bolded.