Total trials to reach criterion in digging attentional set-shifting task (dAST) on PID 25–27. The traumatic brain injury+vehicle (TBI+VEH) rats required significantly more trials to criterion in stages R1 and R3 compared with the SHAM group. The TBI+milnacipran (MLN) rats display normalization of performance on some of the dAST stages (significant extradimensional [ED] improvement, non-significant improvement in R1) impacted by injury. The TBI+MLN rats, however, continued to display significant deficits in R3 compared with SHAM). n = 8–13/group. ^p < 0.05 Stage effect confirming task difficulty, **p < 0.01 TBI+VEH versus SHAM, *p < 0.05 TBI+VEH or TBI+MLN versus SHAM, +p < 0.05 TBI+MLN versus TBI+VEH.