Figure 2. Summary of donepezil effects on Parkinson's disease dementia and motor impairments, vascular dementia, and mood disorders. Abbreviations: PD, Parkinson's disease; NBM, nucleus Basalis of Meynert; Aβ, amyloid-beta; PDD, Parkinson's disease dementia; PD-MCI, Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment; BFCC, basal forebrain cholinergic complex; PPN, pedunculopontine nucleus; LDT, latero-dorsal tegmental nucleus; VaD, vascular dementia; AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase; CAP, cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway; CBF, cerebral blood flow; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; HDAC6, histone deacetylase 6; AKT, protein kinase B; Sigma-1R, sigma-1 receptor; nAChR, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.
