Table 3.

Overview of effects of featured humoral immune factors, inspired by the overview from Abbas et al. p. 303–306 [3]

Molecule	Secreted from	Function
IL-1	Macrophages, dendritic cells, endothelia	Attracts neutrophils and macrophages (chemotaxis), induces fever (via hypothalamus) [3]
IL-4	Th-2-lymphocytes, mast cells	Induces switch to IgE production in plasma cells and Th2-cell differentiation, alters macrophage activation [3]
IL-6	Macrophages, T-cells, endothelia	Induces production of acute phase proteins (liver) and proliferation of antibody-producing B-cells [3]
IL-10	Macrophages, T-cells, dendritic cells	Blocks cytokine production of macrophages and dendritic cells, inhibits co-stimulator-expression [3]
IFN-γ	NK cells, T-cells	Activates macrophages to digest phagocytosed pathogens, induces Th1-cell differentiation [3]
TNF-α	Macrophages, T-cells, mast cells	Exerts the same effect as IL-1 [3]
SLPI	Mucosal epithelia, leucocytes	Acts anti-microbial, inhibits proteases [20]
Elafin	Mucosal epithelia, leucocytes	Acts anti-microbial, inhibits neutrophil elastase and proteinase 3 [20]
Glycodelin (PP14)	Glandular epithelial cells	Acts immunosuppressive, not thoroughly understood yet [13]
C-reactive protein	Liver	Binds to pathogens (opsonization), thereby enables phagocytosis by macrophages [3]

IFN Interferon, IgE Immunoglobulin E, IL Interleukin, SLPI Secretory Leukocyte Peptidase Inhibitor TNF Tumor necrosis factor