Table 4.
Maximal systolic blood pressure during exercise (mmHg) in quartiles of serum n-6 PUFA concentrations*
| Exposure quartile | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serum n-6 PUFA | 1 (n 421) | 95 % CI | 2 (n 421) | 95 % CI | 3 (n 422) | 95 % CI | 4 (n 421) | 95 % CI | P for trend § | Mean difference between the highest and the lowest quartile | 95 % CI |
| Total n-6 PUFA (%) | 13·99–30·13 | 30·14–33·29 | 33·30–36·17 | 36·18–47·25 | |||||||
| Model 1† | 208·5 | 205·9, 211·0 | 207·3 | 204·8, 209·9 | 205·1 | 202·6, 207·7 | 205·6 | 203·1, 208·2 | 0·07 | –2·9 | –6·5, 0·8 |
| Model 2‡ | 206·9 | 204·3, 209·4 | 206·7 | 204·2, 209·2 | 205·9 | 203·5, 208·9 | 207·0 | 204·5, 209·6 | 0·68 | 1·2 | –3·6, 3·9 |
| LA (%) | 10·30–23·82 | 23·83–26·70 | 26·71–29·63 | 29·64–41·30 | |||||||
| Model 1 | 209·7 | 207·1, 212·8 | 206·2 | 203·6, 208·7 | 205·6 | 203·1, 208·2 | 205·1 | 202·6, 207·7 | 0·07 | –4·6 | –8·2, 0·1 |
| Model 2 | 207·8 | 205·2, 210·4 | 205·7 | 203·2, 208·2 | 206·4 | 203·9, 208·9 | 206·6 | 204·0, 209·2 | 0·63 | –1·2 | –5·1, 2·5 |
| GLA (%) | 0·06–0·20 | 0·21–0·27 | 0·28–0·35 | 0·36–0·87 | |||||||
| Model 1 | 202·9 | 200·1, 205·7 | 207·7 | 204·4, 210·0 | 208·7 | 206·0, 211·5 | 208·2 | 205·4, 211·0 | 0·01 | 5·3 | 1·4, 9·3 |
| Model 2 | 203·3 | 200·6, 206·1 | 207·7 | 205·0, 210·4 | 208·5 | 205·9, 211·2 | 207·5 | 204·7, 210·2 | 0·03 | 4·1 | 0·2, 8·0 |
| DGLA (%) | 0·57–1·15 | 1·16–1·33 | 1·33–1·50 | 1·51–3·02 | |||||||
| Model 1 | 203·6 | 200·8, 206·4 | 207·3 | 204·6, 210·1 | 205·3 | 202·6, 207·9 | 211·1 | 208·3, 213·8 | 0·001 | 7·4 | 3·5, 11·4 |
| Model 2 | 204·7 | 201·9, 207·5 | 207·9 | 205·2, 210·6 | 205·0 | 202·3, 207·6 | 209·7 | 206·9, 212·4 | 0·004 | 4·9 | 0·9, 8·9 |
| AA (%) | 1·68–4·14 | 4·15–4·76 | 4·77–5·44 | 5·45–9·21 | |||||||
| Model 1 | 205·5 | 202·6, 208·3 | 207·7 | 205·0, 210·5 | 206·8 | 204·1, 209·5 | 207·0 | 204·3, 209·6 | 0·62 | 1·5 | –2·5, 5·4 |
| Model 2 | 205·9 | 202·9, 208·9 | 208·0 | 205·4, 210·7 | 206·9 | 204·2, 209·6 | 206·2 | 203·4, 208·9 | 0·87 | 0·2 | –4·1, 4·4 |
LA, linoleic acid; GLA, γ-linolenic acid; DGLA, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid and AA, arachidonic acid.
*
Values are means (95 % CI). Data were analysed with ANCOVA.
†
Model 1: adjusted for age and examination years.
‡
Model 2: model 1 plus BMI, smoking, leisure-time physical activity, alcohol intake, use of antihypertensive medication, education, income and serum long-chain n-3 PUFA concentrations.
§
P for trend refers to the linear trend across the fatty acid quartiles.