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. 2023 Mar 6;14:1113134. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1113134

TABLE 2.

Audio and visual elements with high restorative potential in urban waterfront spaces identified in on-site survey.

Category Visual elements Auditory elements
Environmental nature Small island with plants, trees, grassland Sound of stream, sea waves, sound of wind, tree rustling
Animal nature Waterfowl Sounds of waterfowl, frog croaking, insect buzzing, birdsong, in the woods
on-water human activity Ship, boat, bridge Ship whistle
On-shore human activity Fisherman, waterside terrace, people paddling at waterside, people strolling Children playing, people talking

Elements included in the laboratory experiment were boldfaced.