Table 4.
Results from multilevel logistic regression analysis investigating the association between individual- and country-level factors and demand for family planning satisfied by modern contraceptive methods (DFPSm) among women in Latin American and Caribbean countries.
| Variables | Null model | Unadjusted model OR (95% CI) | Model 1 OR (95% CI) | Model 2 OR (95% CI) | Model 3 OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Individual-level | |||||
| Marital status | |||||
| Unmarried sexually active | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Married/in a union | 1.51 (1.28–1.77) | 1.04 (0.85–1.28) | 1.05 (0.85–1.28) | ||
| Woman's age (years) | |||||
| 15–19 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 20–34 | 1.95 (1.68–2.26) | 1.27 (1.07–1.50) | 1.26 (1.07–1.50) | ||
| 35–49 | 2.39 (1.98–2.89) | 1.27 (1.07–1.51) | 1.26 (1.06–1.50) | ||
| Woman's education | |||||
| None | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Primary/elementary school | 1.35 (1.12–1.63) | 1.32 (1.12–1.55) | 1.31 (1.11–1.54) | ||
| Secondary | 1.39 (1.06–1.81) | 1.43 (1.16–1.76) | 1.42 (1.16–1.74) | ||
| Higher | 1.50 (1.13–1.99) | 1.53 (1.28–1.82) | 1.51 (1.27–1.81) | ||
| Wealth index | |||||
| Poorest | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 2nd | 1.32 (1.21–1.45) | 1.33 (1.23–1.43) | 1.33 (1.23–1.43) | ||
| 3rd | 1.51 (1.26–1.81) | 1.51 (1.31–1.74) | 1.51 (1.31–1.75) | ||
| 4th | 1.65 (1.25–2.17) | 1.65 (1.32–2.06) | 1.65 (1.32–2.07) | ||
| Wealthiest | 1.80 (1.27–2.55) | 1.80 (1.35–2.39) | 1.81 (1.36–2.41) | ||
| Area of residence | |||||
| Urban | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Rural | 0.82 (0.68–0.99) | 0.95 (0.89–1.03) | 0.96 (0.89–1.03) | ||
| Number of children | |||||
| 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 1 | 1.79 (1.51–2.11) | 1.78 (1.43–2.23) | 1.79 (1.43–2.24) | ||
| 2 | 2.38 (1.88–3.02) | 2.35 (1.72–3.21) | 2.35 (1.72–3.22) | ||
| 3 or more | 2.37 (1.79–3.14) | 2.65 (1.82–3.85) | 2.66 (1.82–3.88) | ||
| Country-level | |||||
| CHE | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 1.00 (0.99–1.02) | ||
| GII | |||||
| Least | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 2nd | 0.83 (0.43–1.62) | 0.83 (0.37–1.88) | 0.83 (0.37–1.86) | ||
| Highest | 0.31 (0.17–0.59) | 0.32 (0.13–0.76) | 0.32 (0.14–0.74) | ||
| ICC (%) | 11.8 | 12.1 | 6.6 | 6.6 | |
| Model goodness of fit | |||||
| Log pseudolikelihood | −5677 | −5525 | −5672 | −5521 | |
| AIC | 11,357 | 11,076 | 11,354 | 11,067 | |
| BIC | 11,376 | 11,201 | 11,402 | 11,192 | |
| Na | 109,103 | 109,103 | 109,103 | 109,103 |
Null model: a multilevel model with no predictor. Unadjusted model: a single-level univariate model. Model 1: a single-level multivariate adjusted model. Model 2: a multilevel-model with only country-level predictors. Model 3: the fully-adjusted multi-level model.
CHE = (GDP ∗ CHE%GDP), where: CHE–Current Health Expenditure; GDP–Gross Domestic Product per capita (current US$); CHE % GDP–CHE as percentage (%) of GDP.
GII–Gender Inequality Index; OR–Odds ratios; CI–Confidence Interval.
Bold letter indicate p < 0.05.
Unweighted sample size.