Table 2.
Association of the urinary heavy metals with MAFLD and NAFLD in all participants from NHANES 2003 to 2018.
| Metal | MAFLD, OR (95%CI) | NAFLD, OR (95%CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Asb | 1.03 (0.99, 1.07) | 1.02 (0.98, 1.06) |
| As | 1.09 (1.03, 1.16) | 1.07 (1.00, 1.14) |
| Ba | 1.22 (1.14, 1.30) | 1.22 (1.14, 1.31) |
| Cd | 1.08 (0.98, 1.19) | 1.09 (0.98, 1.21) |
| Co | 1.22 (1.11, 1.34) | 1.22 (1.10, 1.35) |
| Cs | 1.35 (1.18, 1.54) | 1.32 (1.14, 1.52) |
| DMA | 1.17 (1.07, 1.27) | 1.12 (1.02, 1.23) |
| Hg | 0.95 (0.89, 1.01) | 0.92 (0.86, 0.99) |
| Mo | 1.45 (1.30, 1.62) | 1.51 (1.34, 1.69) |
| Pb | 1.00 (0.91, 1.10) | 0.98 (0.89, 1.09) |
| Sb | 1.18 (1.08, 1.29) | 1.19 (1.08, 1.31) |
| Tl | 1.49 (1.33, 1.67) | 1.47 (1.30, 1.67) |
| W | 1.23 (1.15, 1.32) | 1.23 (1.14, 1.33) |
Estimates were presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The models were adjusted for age, gender, race, research cycle, education level, smoking status, PIR, and physical activity. Bold font for P < 0.05.